In the age of global economy, the cooperation among enterprises is becoming more and more frequent and important. Although many enterprises have constructed their own information systems to help intro-enterprise management, challenges of integrating multi-organization data and processes cost effectively, reliably and securely in the real time and maintaining clear paths of communication and col...

Evolutionary game theory is employed to study topological conditions of scale-free networks for the evolution of cooperation. We show that Apollonian Networks (ANs) are perfect scale-free networks, on which cooperation can spread to all individuals, even though there are initially only 3 or 4 hubs occupied by cooperators and all the others by defectors. Local topological features such as degree...

There is growing recognition in both evolutionary biology and anthropology that dispersal is key to establishing patterns of cooperation. However, some models predict that cooperation is more likely to evolve in low dispersal (viscous) populations, while others predict that local competition for resources inhibits cooperation. Sex-biased dispersal and extra-pair mating may also have an effect. ...

Abstract The legal support and existing potential contours examples of international cooperation in the field hydrogen energy are discussed. Based on study analysis “hydrogen” initiatives organizations activities which partly extend to hydrogen, as well interactions within framework regional integration associations (BRICS, Eurasian Economic Union, Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Association...

The influence of procedural justice on intended innovative behavior was studied in a sample of students and employees. Although earlier studies suggests that procedural justice increases innovation-related behavior such as spontaneous cooperation, so far systematic research is scarce. Results indicated that the provision of voice increased participants’ intention to show innovative behavior suc...

OBJECTIVES To understand the strategy of British American Tobacco (BAT) and other transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) to gain access to the Lebanese market, which has remained relatively closed under monopoly ownership and political instability. METHODS Analysis of internal industry documents, local language secondary sources and industry publications. RESULTS TTCs have relied on legal a...

BACKGROUND For 20 years, China has participated in 267 international cooperation projects against the HIV/AIDS epidemic and received ∼526 million USD from over 40 international organizations. These projects have played an important role by complementing national efforts in the fight against HIV/AIDS in China. METHODS The diverse characteristics of these projects followed three phases over 20 ...

This article assesses the inter-war campaign against trafficking in women and children, with a particular focus on the leading role played by British and British-dominated voluntary associations. This humanitarian campaign was conducted by social relief organizations such as the Association for Moral and Social Hygiene (AMSH) and the International Bureau for the Suppression of the Traffic in Wo...

The role of space-time structuring processes has recently come into focus as an important ingredient in the understanding of cooperative interactions in dif-explores a similar role for a diierent sort of contex-tual process: phenotypical development under social conditions. A minimal ontogenetic, reaction-network model maps newborn phenotypes into adult ones according to genetic constitution an...