Markov logic networks have been successfully applied to many problems in AI. However, the computational complexity of the inference procedures has limited their application. Previous work in lifted inference, lazy inference and cutting plane inference has identified cases where the entire ground network need not be constructed. These approaches are specific to particular inference procedures, a...

The crucial role of affective factors like anxiety, inhibition, motivation and self-esteem have long been of interest in the field of language learning due to their enormous association with the cognitive processes involved in performance in a second or foreign language. This study aimed at investigating the relationship between Iranian EFL learners’ self-esteem and conversational dominance in ...

We focus on the confounding bias between language and location in visual grounding pipeline, where we find that is major reasoning bottleneck. For example, process usually a trivial languagelocation association without reasoning, e.g., any query containing sheep to nearly central regions, due most queries about have ground-truth locations at image center. First, frame pipeline into causal graph...