The aim of this study was to compare the volume of voids in a resin-based root canal filling (Resilon) with gutta percha using either cold lateral condensation or continuous wave of compaction filling techniques using computed X-ray micro-tomography (micro-CT). A total of 56 extracted upper anterior human teeth were decoronated, the canals shaped using rotary ProTaper files to a final size of F...

In endodontics, a laser can be used as a heat source and gutta-percha can be softened by a laser and used in the root canals. The System-B endodontic heat source unit was designed for the obturation of the root canal system with a single continuous wave of thermoplasticized gutta-percha. The aim of this study was to compare the apical leakage of lateral condensation; Nd: YAG laser-softened gutt...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of three different canal filling techniques. Sixty-four roots of extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were prepared using ProTaper® rotary instruments. The specimens were then randomly divided into 3 experimental groups (n = 16) and 2 control groups (n = 8). The root canals were filled using cold lateral compaction (CLC group), conti...

The wave equation is derived for quark pairs in color superconductor in the regime of low density/strong coupling. During the last five years color superconductivity became a compelling topic in QCD – see the review papers [1]. Grossly speaking, we have a fair understanding of color superconductivity physics in the high den-sity/weak coupling regime. In the low density/strong coupling region th...

With few exceptions, known explicit solutions of the curve shortening flow (CSE) of a plane curve, can be constructed by classical Lie point symmetry reductions or by functional separation of variables. One of the functionally separated solutions is the exact curve shortening flow of a closed, convex “oval”-shaped curve and another is the smoothing of an initial periodic curve that is close to ...

Insulating quantum spin liquids can undergo a confinement transition to a valence bond solid via the condensation of topological excitations of the associated gauge theory. We extend the theory of such transitions to fractionalized Fermi liquids (FL*): these are metallic doped spin liquids in which the Fermi surfaces only have gauge neutral quasiparticles. Using insights from a duality transfor...

We describe the onset of condensation in the simple model for the balance between selection and mutation given by Kingman in terms of a scaling limit theorem. Loosely speaking, this shows that the wave moving towards genes of maximal fitness has the shape of a gamma distribution. We conjecture that this wave shape is a universal phenomenon that can also be found in a variety of more complex mod...

BACKGROUND Several techniques have been proposed for root canal filling. New rotary files, with non-standardized taper, are appearing, so, points adapted to the taper of the last instrument used to prepare the canal can help in the obturation process. The aim of this study is to assess the sealing ability of different root canal filling techniques. MATERIAL AND METHODS Root canals from 30 tee...