The goal of this study was to develop and characterize an intravaginal nanomedicine for the active targeted delivery of saquinavir (SQV) to CD4(+) immune cells as a potential strategy to prevent or reduce HIV infection. The nanomedicine was formulated into a vaginal gel to provide ease in self-administration and to enhance retention within the vaginal tract. SQV-encapsulated nanoparticles (SQV-...

PURPOSE To determine the effects of lubrication of the vaginal speculum before insertion during a Papanicolaou test on perceived pain and quality of the cytology specimen. METHODS Four hundred eligible women participating in cervical cancer screening and an early detection program were randomized with respect to lubricant gel use before speculum insertion. Perceived pain during speculum inser...

Induction of labour is a common need in obstetrics ward. There are various complications and drug side effects associated with it. This study has been designed to compare the safety and efficacy of 50μg intra-vaginal misoprostol (PGE1 analogue)with 0.5mg intracervical dinoprostone gel (PGE2). . 40 pregnant women with different indications of induction of labour participated in the study. They w...

Three gel formulations (1%, 3%, and 5% [wt/wt]) of SPL7013, a dendrimer known to have antiviral (anti-human immunodeficiency virus and anti-herpes simplex virus) activities, completed a range of preclinical tests in the pigtailed macaque models for vaginally and rectally applied topical microbicide safety assessments. The vaginal safety profile of the 3% SPL7013 gel formulation was equal to tha...

BACKGROUND Repeated use, coitus-independent microbicide gels that do not contain antiretroviral agents also used as first line HIV therapy are urgently needed to curb HIV spread. Current formulations require high doses (millimolar range) of antiretroviral drugs and typically only provide short-term protection in macaques. We used the macaque model to test the efficacy of a novel combination mic...

UNLABELLED SUMMARY QUESTION: Is vaginal progesterone gel equivalent to vaginal micronized progesterone tablets concerning ongoing pregnancy rate and superior concerning patient convenience when used for luteal support after IVF/ICSI? SUMMARY ANSWER Equivalence of treatments in terms of ongoing live intrauterine pregnancy rate has not been demonstrated; the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the...

OBJECTIVES To compare the effectiveness, safety of immediate induction with PGE(2) gel and expectant management in terms of maternal and fetal outcome in term PROM. METHODS 100 women were randomized to group A, immediate induction and group B expectant management. RESULTS Spontaneous vaginal deliveries were more in group B. CS and operative vaginal deliveries were more in group A. CONCLUS...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to develop and characterize in situ thermosensitive gels for the vaginal administration of sildenafil as a potential treatment of endometrial thinning occurring as a result of using clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in women with type II eugonadotrophic anovulation. While sildenafil has shown promising results in the treatment of infertility in ...

BACKGROUND Prostaglandins have been used for induction of labour since the 1960s. Initial work focused on prostaglandin F2a as prostaglandin E2 was considered unsuitable for a number of reasons. With the development of alternative routes of administration, comparisons were made between various formulations of vaginal prostaglandins. OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of vaginal prostaglandin...

OBJECTIVE We evaluated the efficacy of a mucoadhesive vaginal gel (MVG, Miphil) with acidic-buffering properties in bacterial vaginosis (BV). STUDY DESIGN Double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12-week trial. SUBJECTS A total of 45 non-pregnant women with BV were enrolled in the trial. Patients were treated with MVG 2.5 g or the corresponding placebo (P) daily for the first week and then every 3...