The rocks are formed through very complex processes and the complex behaviour of rock masses is dominated by the planes of weaknesses . Rock mass consists of intact rock and discontinuities. Many rocks show strain softening behaviour under loads. In this paper, the constitutive models for intact rocks and rock joints are presented. These form the basis for the development of constitutive models...

A large number of high-level and low-level constitutive mutations in the or&? gene of E~cherichkz COG were shown by deletion mapping to lie almost exclusively in two regions of the araC gene. Recombination data show that the high-level constitutive mutations are located within two very small regions, each probably less than ten base-pairs, while the low-level constitutive mutations are spread o...

Abundant evidences have shown that ghrelin, by its binding to GHS-R1a, plays an important role for fundamental physiological functions. Increasing attention is given to the GHS-R1a unusually high constitutive activity and its contribution to downstream signaling and physiological processes. Here, we review recent lines of evidences showing that the interaction between ligand-binding pocket TM d...

A micromechanical damage constitutive model is presented to predict the overall elastoplastic behavior and damage evolution in random carbon fiber polymer matrix composites (RFPCs). To estimate the overall elastoplastic damage responses, an effective yield criterion is derived based on the ensemble-volume averaging process and first-order effects of eigenstrains due to the existence of spheroid...