[1] Climatological satellite observations in the tropical North Atlantic generally show a wintertime surface chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) maximum except over a broad region in the western North Atlantic that has a summer Chl-a maximum. This region also shows decoupling between Chl-a and vertical nutrient flux, based on the positive relationship between sea surface height anomaly (SSH), sea surface tem...

1. ABSTRACT This study uses acoustic phonetic techniques to verify reports of back vowel raising in Dublin English and re-interpret those changes. Hickey [9] describes the raising of a series of back vowels as characteristic of a new variety of Dublin English. He interprets this raising as a shift away from the open realisations of vernacular forms of Dublin English. This study confirms the pre...

The European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) is distributed in coastal and inland habitats all over Europe, but spawns in the Sargasso Sea and is thus affected by both continental and oceanic factors. Since the 1980s a steady decline has been observed in the recruitment of glass eels to freshwater and in total eel landings. The eel is considered as critically endangered on the International Union fo...

Executive Summary Growing concern over global climate change has triggered a search for methods to reduce overall carbon dioxide emissions. Reducing emissions from the heating and cooling systems of the 70 plus million single family North American residential units would assist significantly in this effort. However, given the current financial strains on homeowners, it is essential to find the ...