1. Genetic diversity is important for species persistence and Gene Conservation Units (GCUs) have been implemented forest trees to protect genetic evolutionary processes in situ. The Convention on Biological Diversity stipulates the protection of as an Aichi target, so we explore potential GCUs be more widely. 2. Our global systematic review showed that are currently primarily plant economic im...

Conservation biologists assign population distinctiveness by classifying populations as evolutionarily significant units (ESUs). Historically, this classification has included ecological and genetic data. However, recent ESU concepts, coupled with increasing availability of data on neutral genetic variation, have led to criteria based exclusively on molecular phylogenies. We argue that the earl...

The Central Yangtze Ecoregion contains a large area of internationally important freshwater wetlands and supports a huge number of endangered waterbirds; however, these unique wetlands and the biodiversity they support are under the constant threats of human development pressures, and the prevailing conservation strategies generated based on the local scale cannot adequately be used as guidelin...

The use of allogeneic red blood cells (RBC) is commonplace in cardiac surgery, with reported transfusion rates ranging from 5 to 90 %. [1–4] Despite advantages, RBC transfusion is associated with well-described adverse outcomes. [1–4] Transfusion of RBCs is not only associated with an increased perioperative mortality and morbidity, however; it also results in a longer ICU stay, total hospital ...

We studied 70 consecutive patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis who underwent corrective surgery. They were divided into two groups. In the study group of 38 patients one or more modern blood-conservation measures was used peri-operatively. The 32 patients in the control group did not have these measures. Both groups were similar in regard to age, body-weight, the number of levels fused...

A primary goal of conservation genetics is the discovery, delimitation and protection of phylogenetic lineages within sensitive or endangered taxa. Given the importance of lineage protection, a combination of phylogeography, historical geology and molecular clock analyses can provide an important historical context for overall species conservation. We present the results of a range-wide survey ...

BACKGROUND Significant blood loss continues to plague early tangential excision of the burn wound. Although various techniques to reduce intraoperative blood loss have been described, there is an absence of uniformity and consistency in their application. Furthermore, it is unclear whether these techniques compromise intraoperative tissue assessment and wound outcome. The purpose of this study ...

There is a growing recognition for the significance of evolutionary thinking in ecology and conservation biology. However, ecology and conservation studies often work with species-specific, fixed traits that ignore intraspecific variation. The way the habitat of a species is considered is an example of typological thinking biased by human perception. Structural habitat units (e.g., land cover t...