We propose that what makes an organism is nearly complete cooperation, with strong control of intraorganism conflicts, and no affiliations above the level of the organism as unified as those at the organism level. Organisms can be made up of like units, which we call fraternal organisms, or different units, making them egalitarian organisms. Previous definitions have concentrated on the factors...

CBOT: o nosso desafio constante Recently, we had another Brazilian Congress of Orthopedics and Traumatology (CBOT), this time in the city of Rio de Janeiro, with its beauty and joyfulness and the warmhearted competence of its inhabitants. Rio has a great tradition of congresses, starting with the one at the Quitandinha, the first major Brazilian congress, and continuing to today's international...