Concrete is non-homogeneous and is composed of three main constituent phases from a mesoscopic viewpoint, namely aggregates, mortar matrix, and interface transition zone (ITZ). A mesoscale model with explicit representation of the three distinctive phases is needed for investigation into the damage processes underlying the macroscopic behaviour of the composite material. This paper presents a f...

This paper deals with the automated design and economic optimization of reinforced concrete frame bridges typically used in road construction. The optimization algorithms applied are (i) parallel genetic algorithms (PGA) and (ii) parallel memetic algorithms (PMA). The evaluation of solutions follows the Spanish Code for structural concrete. Stress resultants and envelopes of framed structures a...

The current generation of Mobile Mapping Systems (MMSs) capture high density spatial data in a short time-frame. The quantity of data is difficult to predict as there is no concrete understanding of the point density that different scanner configurations and hardware settings will exhibit for objects at specific distances. Obtaining the required point density impacts survey time, processing tim...

Workability is regarded as one of the important parameters of high-performance concrete and monitoring it is essential in concrete quality management at construction sites. The conventional workability test methods are basically based on length and time measured by a ruler and a stopwatch and, as such, inevitably involves human error. In this paper, we propose a 4D slump test method based on di...

In practice, concrete compression strength is used to compute the elastic modulus of concrete. For this calculation, various formulations are given in different codes. For a given concrete compressive strength, elastic modulus values calculated using different equations given in the codes could vary. In the present study, upper and lower boundaries of elasticity modulus are calculated using fuz...

Current concrete technology has made higher concrete grades more affordable to mid and high-rise buildings; hence its use has been increasing in the late years as it allows for smaller cross-sections, reduction of the structure’s weight, improve durability, among other benefits. However, it is known that brittleness of plain concrete increases with the strength; therefore, some national codes h...

Numerical simulations have been widely used to study the inelastic response of reinforced concrete structures under earthquake loading. Yet, due to the complex nature of structural inelastic behavior, experimental results are often required to verify the efficiency of applied numerical schemes. In this paper, experimental results of bare reinforced concrete frame models are employed to validate...

This paper deals with the modeling of punching shear failure in reinforced concrete slabs using nonlinear finite element analysis. The 3D finite element analyses (FEA) were performed with the appropriate modeling of element size and mesh, and the constitutive modeling of concrete. The FE numerical models are validated by comparing with the experimental results obtained from tested specimens and...

This paper proposes a model, which is called ‘3D (Three Dimension) local non-uniform field model based on 3D vector model frame’, which integrate ‘3D volume function analytical model’ and ‘3D local raster model’into the frame of ‘3D vector boundary model’, to express 3D object and local non-uniform attribute data field. In the model, the authors adopt 3D vector boundary model as basic frame, th...

The aim of the project described in this paper was to define a three level frame survey mode of an old building: the so called “Andlau’s Seigneury”, Alsace, France. Two different techniques were compared for the data acquisition: 3D TLS and point extraction and classical surveying with a total station. According to them, different modeling processes were also defined for the creation of a 3D vi...