—Because of the fragmentary preservation of the earliest Cooksonia-like terrestrial plant macrofossils, younger Devonian fossils with complete anatomical preservation and documented gametophytes often have received greater attention concerning the early evolution of vascular plants and the alternation of generations. Despite preservational deficits, however, possible physiologies of Cooksonia-l...

large benthic foraminifera and dasycladalean green algae are the most common and important (micro) fossils in lower cretaceous shallow-water sediments of the tethyan realm. in this paper, we introduced such taxa and their importance in age dating of lower cretaceous strata in the kopet-dagh sedimentary basin. also, according to determinations of index taxa (fauna and flora) in this period, the ...

the nayband formation was measured and sampled in parvadeh area, southern tabas city. in this area, this formation has a thickness of 1410 m, dividing into four members, namely gelkan, bidestan, howz-e-sheikh and howz-e-khan. a total 573 samples were treated for palynological analysis, and only 120 samples were productive. a total of 57 miospore taxa and 11 plant macrofossil were encountered. b...

Arasbaran is one of the most important protected regions in Iran located in NW of the country and east of E Azarbaijan Province. Several reports have been published on the mycobiota of this region however there is only few records about rust fungi of Arasbaran. Our research on rust fungi of Arasbaran region get started since 2006. During this study, several rust taxa collected and identified fr...

Microorganisms constitute more than half of the Earth's biomass and in addition to quantity,they represent great diversity. In January 2013, the number of officially registered names forprokaryotic microorganisms at the genus and species levels were, respectively, approximately2100 and 12000. Current authorized methods for classification and identification of newmicrobial taxa are polyphasic ap...

The problem of missing data is often considered to be the most important obstacle in reconstructing the phylogeny of fossil taxa and in combining data from diverse characters and taxa for phylogenetic analysis. Empirical and theoretical studies show that including highly incomplete taxa can lead to multiple equally parsimonious trees, poorly resolved consensus trees, and decreased phylogenetic ...

Profit Sharing and Training We analyze the impact of profit sharing on the share of workers receiving training. An effect is plausible because: 1) profit sharing is a credible commitment by firms to reward firmspecific skills acquired by formal or informal training, 2) profit sharing may reduce turnover and increase the returns to training, 3) a common payment for the whole workforce leads to p...

Three kinds of sclerotia of Typhula spp. from Ardabil, East Azerbaijan and Qazvin Provinces in the northwest of Iran were collected. Morphology and ITS sequences of rDNA suggested that the collected fungi belonged to Typhula incarnata Lasch, Typhula phacorrhiza (Reichardt) Fr. and Typhula sp. These three taxa are new records in the Middle East and the result of this research suggests that Iran ...

We present an updated list of the vascular flora occurring in Cerbaie hills (Tuscany), a site high naturalistic interest. The is based on literature survey and field studies carried out years 2010–2022. host 1,107 specific subspecific taxa (including 100 naturalized aliens), 32 casual aliens 10 hybrid taxa. Two are new for Tuscany: Carex oedipostyla Thalictrum simplex subsp. galioides; 330 stud...