In a crisis, regulators and private investors can find it difficult, if not impossible, to tell whether banks facing runs are insolvent or merely illiquid. We introduce such an information constraint into global-games-based bank run model with multiple aggregate uncertainties. The creates vicious cycle between contagious falling asset prices limits the effectiveness of traditional emergency liq...

a recent international journal of health policy and management (ijhpm) article by fadi el-jardali and colleagues makes an important contribution to the literature on health system strengthening by reporting on a survey of healthcare stakeholders in low- and middle-income countries (lmics) about systems thinking (st). the study’s main contributions are its confirmation that healthcare stakeholde...

poets and scholars played a great role in enlightening people and making them familiar with mashroote revolution and the political events related to capitalism. muhammad taghi bahar and ma’roof rosafi are two poets who were committed to their land and nation. both became the members of parliament and both were journalists and did their best in defending their nation and opposing capitalism and ...

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This paper concerns the problem of characterization of conditional-independence relations (the abbreviation CIR) which arises in connection with probabilistic expert systems. The first two sections contain some lately found properties (axioms) of CIRs; the rest of the paper is a proposal for a proper generalization of the concept of CIR. Since it is defined by means of the concept of multiinfor...

The 2012 Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel members are: Chair, Wilma F. Bergfeld, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Donald V. Belsito, M.D.; Ronald A Hill, Ph.D.; Curtis D. Klaassen, Ph.D.; Daniel C. Liebler, Ph.D.; James G. Marks, Jr., M.D.; Ronald C. Shank, Ph.D.; Thomas J. Slaga, Ph.D.; and Paul W. Snyder, D.V.M., Ph.D. The CIR Director is F. Alan Andersen, Ph.D. This report was prepared by Wilbur Johns...

The 2009 Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel members are: Chairman, Wilma F. Bergfeld, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Donald V. Belsito, M.D.; Ronald A. Hill, Ph.D.; Curtis D. Klaassen, Ph.D.; Daniel C. Liebler, Ph.D.; James G. Marks, Jr., M.D., Ronald C. Shank, Ph.D.; Thomas J. Slaga, Ph.D.; and Paul W. Snyder, D.V.M., Ph.D. The CIR Director is F. Alan Andersen, Ph.D. This report was prepared by Christin...

We study the differentiability of the CIR process with respect to its parameters. We give a stochastic representation for these derivatives in terms of the paths of V .