Spark-ignited internal combustion engines have evolved considerably in recent years in response to increasingly stringent regulations for emissions and fuel economy. One new advanced engine strategy ustilizes high levels of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) to reduce combustion temperatures, thereby increasing thermodynamic efficiency and reducing nitrogen oxide emissions. While this strategy can...

A novel method for real-time moisture level monitoring of the solid biomass fuel in grate combustion is presented. The measurement principle is based on temperature sensor information from both flame and a fuel bed. Based on the combustion theory and data analysis, selected features have been extracted from the fused sensor information and estimate of the fuel quality is then made continuously ...

Combustion behavior (swelling during combustion and combustion time) of the kraft black liquors varies significantly between pulp mills and also time-dependent variations within a mill occur. In addition, due to the different raw materials and pulping conditions, some further variations in these combustion properties are typically observed. Therefore, by means of the proper process control and ...

— Homogeneous Combustion Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion is characterized by a very high rate of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR). This improves mixing and dilution in the cylinders, reduces pollutant formation at the expense of combustion stability. Thus HCCI engines requires real-time control to ensure a good trade–off between performance (in terms of torque production and low pollutant...

The Fluidized Bed Combustion (FBC) technology differs basically from other combustor types, one example is the double role of air flow: combustion and fluidization. Because of such differences, the well proven classical combustion control methods can not be used effectively for FBCs. In this paper, the task of combustion control will be formulated by means of a cost function. A general form of ...