Background and Purpose: Pneumocystis pneumonia, caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii, is a fatal disease threatening patients with AIDS or immunosuppression. Assessment of colonization in these patients is of great significance, since it can lead to severe pulmonary disorders. Considering the scarcity of published reports on Pneumocystis jirovecii isolates from patients in Mashhad, Iran, we aimed t...

Background&Aims: Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE) are among the most common nosocomial pathogens worldwide. The intestinal tract provides a major source for transmission of these bacteria. Probiotics are living microorganisms that moderate use of them has inhibitory effect on intestinal colonization by enteric pathogens. We examined the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) on inhibi...

conclusions the occurrence of multidrug-resistant s. aureus in the elderly cohort indicates their capacity to serve as reservoirs for these strains, which could facilitate the dissemination of mrsa into the community. therefore, decolonization and the implementation of measures to prevent the spread of this organism are necessary. results fifty (21.7%) s. aureus strains were identified among th...

BACKGROUND The epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has changed over the past decades with the emergence of highly virulent strains. The role of asymptomatic C. difficile colonization as part of the clinical spectrum of CDI is complex because many risk factors are common to both disease and asymptomatic states. In this article, we review the role of asymptomatic C. difficile co...

Colonization is the first step in the interaction between Streptococcus pneumoniae and its human host. To better understand the mechanisms contributing to natural carriage, a mouse model of pneumococcal colonization was developed with a clinical isolate of S. pneumoniae previously characterized in experimental colonization of humans. Similar to carriage events in humans, colonization of mice wa...

Escherichia coli K1 strains, isolated from human newborns with meningitis, were fed to pathogen-free Sprague-Dawley infant rats by an oral gastric tube. Feeding of 10(3) to 10(11) organisms colonized the intestine of approximately 70% of the animals. At 5 days postfeeding of 3- to 5-day-old rats, bacteremia was detected in 60%, and meningitis occurred in 15% of bacteremic animals. Colonization ...

studies, however, reported on the frequency of extra-nasal S. aureus colonization in the absence of nasal colonization. In the current issue of Nephron , Eells et al. investigated this question by simultaneously obtaining cultures from 100 hemodialysis patients from 3 body sites (nares, oropharynx, and inguinal) [6] . They observed S. aureus colonization in 42% of patients, including 36% with m...