Over long lifetimes, learning agents accumulate large stores of knowledge. To support human-level decision-making, their cognitive architectures must efficiently manage this experience and bring to bear pertinent data to act in the world.Prior psychological and computational work suggests the need for multiple, dissociated memory systems, citing significant functional and computational tradeoff...

Several researchers have measured and analyzed cognitive performance (Newcomb & Trefz, 1987; Cano, 1988; Pickford, 1988) and analyzed critical thinking abilities of students (Kahler, Millers, & Rollins, 1988; Arter & Salmon, 1987; Ennis, 1985). Past research has indicated that most students show little evidence of using critical thinking abilities when solving problems; in fact, most students c...

Educational games link the motivational nature of games with learning of knowledge and skills. Here, we go beyond effects on these learning outcomes. We review two lines of evidence which indicate the currently unexplored potential of educational games to promote brain health: First, gaming with specific neurocognitive demands (e.g., executive control), and second, educational learning experien...

results trail making test part b cognitive test showed statistically significant in comparison for pre and post exposure of anesthetics. this difference was seen in the desflurane group. other cognitive tests did not show differences on exposure to the anesthetic gases. conclusions this study questioned the difference between volatile anesthetic agent’s effects on patients completing a battery ...

This study, a cross-sectional study of adults who were administered the CNS Vital Signs test battery when it was being standardized, investigated whether there are gender differences in the rate of neurocognitive decline with age. As a group, men scored better on tests of visual memory, executive function and psychomotor speed. Women scored better in tests of verbal memory, processing speed, an...

Article history: Received 19 November 2011 Received in revised form 5 March 2012 Accepted 9 April 2012 Available online xxxx Studies investigating evolutionary theories on the origins of national differences in intelligence have been criticized on the basis that both national cognitive ability measures and supposedly evolutionarily informative proxies (such as latitude and climate) are confound...

Empirical research suggests that the cognitively able are politically more influential than the less able, by being more likely to vote and to assume leadership positions. This study asks whether this pattern matters for public policy by investigating what role a person's cognitive ability plays in determining his preferences for redistribution of income among citizens in society. To answer thi...

General cognitive ability (g), often referred to as 'general intelligence', predicts social outcomes such as educational and occupational levels far better than any other behavioural trait. g is one of the most heritable behavioural traits, and genes that contribute to the heritability of g will certainly be identified. What are the scientific and social implications of finding genes associated...

This paper explores the ramifications of the extended cognition thesis in the philosophy of mind for contemporary epistemology. In particular, it argues that all theories of knowledge need to accommodate the ability intuition that knowledge involves cognitive ability, but that once this requirement is understood correctly there is no reason why one could not have a conception of cognitive abili...