It is commonly claimed that when X coerces Y into consenting to Z ?-ing, Y’s consent invalid, and only permitted ? if this reduces harm or increases optionality for Y. This article demonstrates in such cases valid choosing between options include all those has a duty offer no autonomy-reducing not When these conditions are met, acts permissibly ?-ing even does reduce increase optionality.

one of the most important issues in international criminal law is defenses. this issue has also significance in national law. in civil and criminal law system, there is a different approach with this question. the lawyers have named this question as forgotten point in international criminal law. international and national jurisprudence is often different and controversial in this matter. there ...

Abstract Realising the goals of European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive is difficult. The differentiation water policies according to local conditions enjoys increasing attention and may be necessary achieve good ecological status in all waters. This paper seeks explore what extent how quality determines degree coercion, i.e. which differentiated are voluntary or rather imposed upon polic...

In this paper, we discuss the phenomenon of logical polysemy in natural language as ~ddressed by Gener-ative Lexicon Theory. We discuss generally the role of type and sortal coercion operations in the selnantics, and specifically the conditions on the application of coercion in aspectual predicates and other contexts. We reply to some recent discussion regarding the use of coercion in the gramm...