Pernicious anemia is a macrocytic anemia due to cobalamin deficiency, which is the result of intrinsic factor deficiency. Pernicious anemia is associated with atrophic body gastritis, whose diagnostic criteria are based on the histologic evidence of gastric body atrophy associated with hypochlorhydria. Serological markers suggesting the presence of oxyntic mucosa damage are increased levels of ...

BACKGROUND The gold standard for cobalamin deficiency treatment is administration of cobalamin by intramuscular injection. The injection is painful and inconvenient, particularly for elderly persons. Cobalamin might also be administered intranasally. Previous studies do not provide insight into the pharmacokinetics of intranasal cobalamin administration in comparison with cobalamin injection. ...

BACKGROUND Anaemia in pregnancy is a common clinical problem contributing to increased maternal and foetal morbidity. This study was carried out to determine frequency of iron, folate and cobalamin deficiency and associated risk factors in the anaemic pregnant females who reported first time during second and third trimester for antenatal check-up in the tertiary care hospital at Rawalpindi. ...

Characterization of Chronic Enteropathies in Dogs by Use of Fecal and Urinary N-methylhistamine Concentrations and Serum Methylmalonic Acid Concentrations. (August 2012) Nora Berghoff, med.vet.; Dr.med.vet., University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Jörg M. Steiner Non-invasive markers that are clinically useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of can...

The clinical picture is the most important factor in assessing the significance of test results assessing cobalamin status because there is no 'gold standard' test to define deficiency. Serum cobalamin currently remains the first-line test, with additional second-line plasma methylmalonic acid to help clarify uncertainties of underlying biochemical/functional deficiencies. Serum holotranscobala...

INTRODUCTION Although consensus guidelines recommend checking serum B12 in patients with dementia, clinicians are often faced with various questions: (1) Which patients should be tested? (2) What test should be ordered? (3) How are inferences made from such testing? (4) In addition to serum B12, should other tests be ordered? (5) Is B12 deficiency compatible with dementia of the Alzheimer's typ...

A case of transcobalamin II deficiency with several unique features is described. The clinical presentation was typical. except for a slightly delayed age at presentation and the occurrence of apparent neurologic dysfunction from the beginning. The unusual biochemical feature was a low serum cobalamin level (97 pg/mI). Several cobalaminbinding protein abnormalities coexisted and antedated cobal...

A case of transcobalamin II deficiency with several unique features is described. The clinical presentation was typical. except for a slightly delayed age at presentation and the occurrence of apparent neurologic dysfunction from the beginning. The unusual biochemical feature was a low serum cobalamin level (97 pg/mI). Several cobalaminbinding protein abnormalities coexisted and antedated cobal...

BACKGROUND Measurement of serum cobalamin levels is routinely used to diagnose cobalamin deficiency. Surprisingly, approximately 15% of patients have high cobalamin levels and no consensus exists regarding the clinical implications. METHODS Hospital-treated patients above 18 years of age referred for serum cobalamin measurement were included in groups of patients [percentage cobalamin supplem...

True tinnitus is a phantom auditory perception arising from a source or trigger in the cochlea, brainstem, or at higher centers and has no detectable acoustic generator. The most accepted is the famous neurophysiologic model of Jastreboff, which stresses that tinnitus, is a subcortical perception and results from the processing of weak neural activity in the periphery. The aim of this study is ...