BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There is experimental evidence that L-arginine restores diminished CO2 reactivity after mild traumatic brain injury in rats. This effect is believed to be mediated by L-arginine-derived nitric oxide, which is a permissive substrate for CO2 reactivity. To clarify whether these findings can be transferred to the clinical situation and have beneficial effects in patients, we...

background the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the type of inhaled medication, length of use, dosing, the inhaler use technique and the severity and duration of disease on the dental caries of asthmatic patients. objectives in the present study, the frequency of dental caries in the asthmatic patients and control group was examined. in addition the possible associa...

objective(s): nanomaterials, especially silver nanoparticles (ag-nps), are employed in an increasing number of commercial products. this has led to an ever growing exposure of human beings to this substance. the first purpose of the nano committee of food and drug administration of the islamic republic of iran (ifda) is developing guidelines to assess and approve commercial nano-health products...

Functional magnetic resonance imaging blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (fMRI-BOLD) signal representing neural activity may be optimized by discriminating MR signal components related to neural activity and those related to intrinsic properties of the cortical vasculature. The objective of this study was to reduce the hemodynamic change independent of neural activity to obtain a scaled fMRI-BOL...

• Research has provided ample evidence that the cerebral vascular system possesses a marked degree of autonomy and is largely unaffected by changes in the systemic circulation. This autonomy is made possible, first of all, by minimal effect on cerebral vessels of those factors which act on the general circulation, such as the autonomic innervation and, second, by the extreme sensitivity of cere...

Appreciating that CO2 modifies the chemical reactivity of nitric oxide (NO)-derived inflammatory oxidants, we investigated whether hypercapnia would modulate pulmonary inflammatory responses. Rabbits (n = 72) were ventilated with approximately 7-ml/kg tidal volume for 6 hours. Animals were randomized to one of the following conditions: eucapnia (Pa(CO2) at approximately 35-40 mm Hg), eucapnia +...

Abstract PaCO2 affects cerebral blood flow (CBF) and its regulatory mechanisms, but the interaction between neurovascular coupling (NVC), cerebral autoregulation (CA), and cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 (CVR), in response to hypercapnia, is not known. Recordings of cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFv), blood pressure (BP), heart rate, and end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2) were performed in 18 subjects du...