When unfolded proteins accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the unfolded protein response (UPR) increases ER-protein-folding capacity to restore protein-folding homeostasis. Unfolded proteins activate UPR signaling across the ER membrane to the nucleus by promoting oligomerization of IRE1, a conserved transmembrane ER stress receptor. However, the coupling of ER stress to IRE1 oligomer...

Alternate transcripts of the human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG1) encode two subunits, hERG 1a and 1b, which form potassium channels regulating cardiac repolarization, neuronal firing frequency, and neoplastic cell growth. The 1a and 1b subunits are identical except for their unique, cytoplasmic N termini, and they readily co-assemble in heterologous and native systems. We tested the hypoth...

2 Introduction 3 Results and Discussion 17 A Chromium Diphosphine System for Selective and Catalytic Ethylene Oligomerization 17 Synthesis of PNP Ligands with Ether Groups Tethered to Nitrogen 17 Preparation and Characterization of PNP Chromium Complexes 18 Catalytic Runs at 1 atm of Ethylene Using Precatalysts 21-24 24 Catalytic Runs at Higher Pressures of Ethylene 28 Role of the Ether Tether ...

Fischer-tropsch catalysts with high activity and selectivity for olefins were produced using mordenite type SiO2/Al2O3= 12, 20, 28, 62 zeolite supported iron carbonyl compounds and were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction. The adsorptionof volatile Fe(CO)5 on the support surface was carried out under vacuum at room temperature. Reduction les...

Beside Ziegler-Natta and Phillips catalysts the development of methylaluminoxane (MAO) as cocatalyst in combination with metallocenes or other transition metal complexes for the polymerization of olefins has widely increased the possibilities in controlling the polymer composition, polymer structure, tacticity and special properties with high precision. These catalysts allow the synthesis of is...

In this paper, the effects of different catalyst combinations and temperatures on ethanol conversion rate C4 olefin selectivity in reaction preparing olefins by coupling are mainly studied, optimal conditions for maximizing yield found according to established model. A single-objective optimization model was with total weight catalyst, Co loading, Co/SiO2 HAP loading ratio, concentration temper...

The catalytic activation of alkanes under mild conditions to give the corresponding alkenes and hydrogen has tremendous industrial implications because olefins are the most important starting materials for large-scale industrial processes such as olefin polymerization, dimerization, oligomerization, hydroformylation, and metathesis. In the search for a process by which olefins can be produced f...