Continuous-time birth-death Markov processes serve as useful models in population biology. When the birth-death rates are nonlinear, the time evolution of the first n order moments of the population is not closed, in the sense that it depends on moments of order higher than n. For analysis purpose, the time evolution of the first n order moments is often made to be closed by approximating these...

Morphogenesis, the establishment of the animal body, requires the coordinated rearrangement of cells and tissues regulated by a very strictly-determined genetic program. Dorsal closure of the epithelium in the Drosophila melanogaster embryo is one of the best models for such a complex morphogenetic event. To explore the genetic regulation of dorsal closure, we carried out a large-scale RNA inte...

In this paper, new definitions of $L$-fuzzy closure operator, $L$-fuzzy interior operator, $L$-fuzzy remote neighborhood system, $L$-fuzzy neighborhood system and $L$-fuzzy quasi-coincident neighborhood system are proposed. It is proved that the category of $L$-fuzzy closure spaces, the category of $L$-fuzzy interior spaces, the category of $L$-fuzzy remote neighborhood spaces, the category of ...

In this paper, for any non-empty subset C of a pseudo BCI-algebra X, the concept of p-closure of C, denoted by C(pc), is introduced and some related properties are investigated. Applying this concept, a characterization of the minimal elements of X is given. It is proved that C(pc) is the least closed pseudo BCI-ideal of X containing C and K(X) for any ideal C of X...

Understanding the effectiveness of a school closure in limiting social interaction and the economic impact of school closure on households is critical when developing guidelines to prevent spread of pandemic influenza. A New York City survey conducted in June 2009 in 554 households affected by the 2009 pandemic influenza H1N1-related school closures showed that, during closure, 30% of students ...

The closure of common bile duct (CBD) after choledocholithotomy can be done over T -tube or primarily. The method of T-tube drainage comes with many complications and hence, nowadays, there is tendency to close CBD primarily which leads to less complications and shorter duration of stay at hospital. We conducted this study comparing primary closure of CBD with T-tube drainage following choledoc...

AIM To investigate the relation between gestational age, birth weight, and antenatal corticosteroid administration and the time of ductus venosus closure. METHODS Ninety eight neonates of 30-41 weeks gestational age were studied by daily ultrasonography until ductus venosus closure. RESULTS In neonates of 30-33 weeks gestational age, the ductus venosus closed at 6.0 (2.4)days (mean (SD)); i...

The emergence of corona virus (COVID-19) has create a great public concern as the outbreak is still ongoing and government are taking actions such as holiday extension, travel restriction, temporary closure of public work place, borders, schools, quarantine/isolation, social distancing and so on. To mitigate the spread, we proposed and analyzed a stochastic model for the continue spread of coro...