Introduction: OMEGA/Mars Express data was confirmed by CRISM/MRO data of the existence of clay minerals on the surface of Mars [1, 2]. These clays have been found in some of the oldest terrains of Mars and because of their Noachian age, they hold clues to the earliest history of the martian surface. Clays have been detected in outcrops surrounded by lava flows and in the ejecta of small impact ...

Soils at critical state are like a visco-plastic fluids, which will flow for applied stresses greater than the critical state (CS) shear strength. Shear viscosity is a key parameter to understand the post-failure flow response of soils in geotechnical applications such as landslides, jacked piles and cone penetrometers. Viscosity of soil has been investigated for water contents greater than the...

Fly ash samples from the five steam electric power stations of the Lignite Center of Western Macedonia were used in this study. They consisted mainly of anhydrite, lime, quartz and amorphous material as well as feldspars, calcite, micas + clays, portlandite and gehlenite which were all present in minor amounts. Anhydrite, lime and portlandite in the fly ash samples diminished upon treatment wit...

The ability of four different clays to adsorb diethylketone was investigated in batch experiments aiming to treat wastewater with low solvent concentrations. The adsorption performance in terms of uptake followed the sequence: vermiculite>sepiolite=kaolinite=bentonite, for all the adsorbent doses tested (from 0.1 to 1.5 g) in 150 mL of ketone solution (800 mg/L). The equilibrium data in the bat...

Isolated Escherichia coli K-12 cell envelopes or Bacillus subtilis 168 cell walls were reacted with smectite or kaolinite clay in distilled deionized water (pH 6.0); unbound envelopes or walls were separated by sucrose density gradient centrifugation, and the extent of adsorption was calculated. At saturation, both clays adsorbed approximately 1.0 mg (dry weight) of envelopes or walls per mg (d...

High pressure behaviour of Na-hectorite in water media shows surprisingly strong similarities to graphite oxide compression in liquid media considering rather different chemical composition and structure of these two types of materials. Crystalline swelling with pressure induced insertion of additional solvent layer (not correlated with pressure point of liquid media solidification) was observe...

land treatment method of municipal and industrial wastewaters for utilization of nutrients in the wastes for raising useful crops and tertiary(or advanced) treatment of the water for improving stream quality or to recharge falling water tables is increasing in some parts of the world, particulary in the arid area. as emphasis in this type of treatment method and prevention of surface and underg...

Radioactive caesium pollution resulting from Fukushima Dai-ichi and Chernobyl nuclear plant accidents involves strong interactions between Cs+ and clays, especially vermiculite-type minerals. In acidic soil environments, such as in Fukushima area, vermiculite is subjected to weathering processes, resulting in aluminization. The crystal structure of aluminized clays and its implications for Cs+ ...

Water and methanol transport behavior, solvents adsorption and electrochemical properties of filler-free Nafion and nanocomposites based on two smectite clays, were investigated using impedance spectroscopy, DMFC tests and NMR methods, including spin-lattice relaxation and pulsed-gradient spin-echo (PGSE) diffusion under variable temperature conditions. Synthetic (Laponite) and natural (Swy-2) ...