Introduction: Shocked rocks are known from various planetary bodies of the solar system including Earth, Moon, Mars, and several types of asteroids. It was first recognized on Earth that stages of progressive shock metamorphism can be defined [1,2,3,4] and this concept was later on confirmed for lunar rocks [5] and meteorites [6,7,8]. Initiated by the IUGS “Subcommission on the Classification o...

An integrated nomenclature scheme is proposed to capture the inherent heterogeneity of fine-grained sedimentary rocks at the 102 to 1023 mm scale and to assist the evaluation of these rocks as sinks of organic carbon, barriers to fluid flows, and reservoirs of oil and gas. This scheme incorporates previous knowledge and the latest field, petrographic, and laboratory observations. We propose to ...

79Se is a critical radionuclide concerning the safety of deep geological disposal certain radioactive wastes in clay-rich formations. To study fate selenium oxyanions clayey rocks presence reducing microbial community, situ tests were performed Opalinus Clay at Mont Terri Rock Laboratory (Switzerland). Furthermore, biotic and abiotic batch to assess Se(VI) Se(IV) reactivity and/or stainless ste...

85 The physiography of the area is dominated by glaciated landforms carved in gneiss of the Fiordland Complex. The gneiss is generally dioritic, with gradations to quartzo-feldspathic and amphibolitic varieties, and is cut by mainly barren pegmatite veins; epidote is abundant. The rocks commonly show signs of post-consolidational shearing and crushing. There is a well defined zone of strongly c...

Fault rocks from the classic Rocky Mountain foreland fold-and-thrust belt in southwestern Canada were dated by Ar analysis of clay grain-size fractions. Using X-ray diffraction quantification of the detrital and authigenic component of each fraction, these determinations give ages for individual faults in the area (illite age analysis). The resulting ages cluster around 72 and 52 Ma (here calle...

The direct qualitative and quantitative determination of mineral components in shale rocks is a problem that has not been satisfactorily resolved to date. Infrared spectroscopy (IR) is a non-destructive method frequently used in mineral identification, yet challenging due to the similarity of spectral features resulting from quartz, clay, and feldspar minerals. This study reports on a significa...

The evidence presented by numerous investigations of the interface between lichens and their rock substrates strongly suggests that the weathering of minerals can be accelerated by the growth of at least some lichen species. The effects of lichens on their mineral substrates can be attributed to both physical and chemical processes. The physical effects are reflected by the mechanical disruptio...

Transport and retention of colloid tracers were evaluated in standard petrographic thin sections, prepared from saprolite (Cr horizons) formed from fractured sedimentary rocks, using epi-fluorescence microscopy. Thin sections prepared from dismantled hydrogeological columns revealed four domains of macropores with apparent apertures ranging from 1 to 500 Am. Colloid retention occurred within bo...

Two anomalous, gray, silty clay beds are present in ODP cores collected from Saanich Inlet, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The beds, which date to about 10,500 C yr BP (11,000 calendar years BP), contain Tertiary pollen derived from sedimentary rocks found only in the Fraser Lowland, on the mainland of British Columbia and Washington just east of the Strait of Georgia. Abundant ill...