Raman spectroscopy is a powerful technique that enables fingerprinting of materials, molecules, and chemical environments by probing vibrational resonances. In many applications, the desired signals are masked fluorescence, either from molecular system being studied, or adjacent metallic nanostructures. Here, it shown wavelength-modulated provides way to significantly reduce strength fluorescen...

OBJECTIVE To help facilitate economic evaluations of oncology treatments, we mapped responses on cancer-specific instrument to generic preference-based measures. METHODS Cancer patients (n = 367) completed one cancer-specific instrument, the FACT-G, and two preference-based measures, the EQ-5D and SF-6D. Responses were randomly divided to form development (n = 184) and cross-validation (n = 1...

BACKGROUND Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) has been reported to be safe and the ultimate treatment option in lung transplant recipients with chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), the main overall cause of mortality in lung transplant recipients. However, ECP is not reimbursed in selected health jurisdictions, and reimbursement by health insurance providers is a major issue. In Switzerla...

Although survival after lung transplantation has improved significantly during the last decade, chronic rejection is thought to be the major cause of late mortality. The physiologic hallmark of chronic rejection has been a persistent fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 second associated with an obstructive ventilatory defect, for which the term bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) was defi...

Large-mode-area double clad fibers offer excellent efficiency and beam quality, high output power as well as lightweight, robust and reliable packaging. The addition of polarization maintaining property though use of well-know Panda-structure has further increased the interest in double clad fibers, especially in fibers doped with ytterbium (Yb). Many material processing, military and R&D appli...

Initiation of corrosion on reinforcing bars occurs when a critical chloride concentration is achieved. A universal value for the chloride concentration that causes depassivation has not been agreed upon for carbon steels due to a variety of experimental factors. The chloride threshold depends on the rebar material, rebar surface condition, testing environment, method of detection, definition of...

By combining a polymer-clad optic fiber and a vitreous-clad optic fiber, we proposed and fabricated a novel optic fiber surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor to conduct two-channel sensing at the same detection area. The traditional optic fiber SPR sensor has many disadvantages; for example, removing the cladding requires corrosion, operating it is dangerous, adjusting the dynamic response ran...

To achieve high packing density in on-chip photonic integrated circuits, subwavelength scale nanolasers that can operate without crosstalk are essential components. Metallo-dielectric nanolasers are especially suited for this type of dense integration due to their lower Joule loss and nanoscale dimensions. Although coupling between optical cavities when placed in proximity to one another has be...

Exciton-polaritons form upon strong coupling between electronic excitations of a material and photonic states of a surrounding microcavity. In organic semiconductors the special nature of excited states leads to particularly strong coupling and facilitates condensation of exciton-polaritons at room temperature, which may lead to electrically pumped organic polariton lasers. However, charge carr...

In this work, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate a highly sensitive porous silicon membrane waveguide biosensor in the Kretschmann configuration, and show how the cladding material directly impacts the waveguide sensor detection sensitivity and resonance width. Dielectric and metal-clad porous waveguides in the Kretchmann configuration have the potential to achieve significantly en...