Diathermy is used in most theatres for every case but how many people think about the contents of diathermy plume or surgical smoke? Surgical smoke is an unpleasant smell that leaves many considering whether surgical masks reduce the risk of inhaling its contents. This article suggests that practitioners should be more aware of its contents and take action to lessen the risk to themselves and t...

All moving animals, including flies, sharks, and humans, experience a dynamic sensory landscape that is a function of both their trajectory through space and the distribution of stimuli in the environment. This is particularly apparent for mosquitoes, which use a combination of olfactory, visual, and thermal cues to locate hosts. Mosquitoes are thought to detect suitable hosts by the presence o...

The annual advance and retreat of sea ice has been considered a major physical determinant of spatial and temporal changes in the structure of the Antarctic coastal marine ecosystem. However, the role of glacial meltwater on the hydrography of the Antarctic Peninsula ecosystem has been largely ignored, and the resulting biological effects have only been considered within a few kilometers from s...

Cirsium candelabrum is a Balkan endemic species, non-indigenous to Croatia. In the last 13 years its spread was observed only in Central Dalmatia. From 2015 2021 we have been recording invasive spreading across Kvarner region and arrival southern edge of Gorski Kotar. The plants appear diverse numbers two different habitat types. sub-Mediterranean zone, species inhabits ruderal habitats arising...

in a faunistic survey of cecidomyiid gall midges (diptera: cecidomyiidae) in isfraeen, joghatai, and jovein regions (north khorasan province) in 2012, three species, clinodiplosis cilicrus kiefer 1889, asphondylia anatolica skuhrava1998 and lasioptera carophila low 1874 were collected and identified from galls on cirsium arvense (l.), astragalus sp. and dacus carota l. respectively. these three...

Biological control is proposed as an ecological strategy to manage the threat of invasive plants, especially in natural areas. To pursue this strategy, we need to know that the host specificity criteria used to evaluate ecological risk with deliberate introduction of an exotic insect for biocontrol are sufficient to predict potential impact on native species. Host specificity is defined by adul...