Critically shortened telomeres make chromosomes susceptible to the instability and widespread cytogenetic alterations that characterize most human cancers. We hypothesized that the very rapid cell proliferation observed in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas might accelerate telomere shortening and chromosomal instability associated with carcinogenesis. We used a number of telomere measurement ...

Type II Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (Type II RTS) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by a congenital skin rash, birth defects of the skeleton, genomic instability and cancer predisposition. It is caused by mutations in the RECQL4 gene and thus represents one of the three cancer-prone genetic diseases that are caused by mutations in a RecQ helicase-encoding gene. Genomic ...

Genomic instability has been observed in essentially all sporadic carcinomas. Here we use Drosophila epithelial cells to address the role of chromosomal instability in cancer development as they have proved useful for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying tumorigenic growth. We first show that chromosomal instability leads to an apoptotic response. Interestingly, this response is p53 ...

DNA hypomethylation is a common trait of colorectal cancer. Studies in tumor cell lines and animal models indicate that genome-wide demethylation may cause genetic instability and hence facilitate or accelerate tumor progression. Recent studies have shown that DNA hypomethylation precedes genomic damage in human gastrointestinal cancer, but the nature of this damage has not been clearly establi...

Age is the largest single risk factor for the development of cancer in mammals. Age-associated chromosomal changes, such as aneuploidy and telomere erosion, may be vitally involved in the initial steps of tumorigenesis. However, changes in gene expression specific for increased aneuploidy with age have not yet been characterized. Here, we address these questions by using a panel of fibroblast c...

The article presents the results of research on karyotype characteristics variability in purebred and crossbred dairy cows. material for was peripheral blood samples firstborn cows Ukrainian red-spotted black-spotted breeds, as well obtained from crossing with Montbeliard bulls (DG “Nyva” SE Institute Animal Breeding Genetics named after M. V. Zubets NAAS. Preparation cytogenetic preparations, ...