Mitomycin C (MMC) is regarded as the prototype bioreductive alkylating agent in clinical use. To elucidate the biochemical basis of MMC resistance, we isolated a drug resistant derivative (designated CHOMMC) of a Chinese hamster ovary cell line (CHO-K1) by exposure to progressively higher concentrations of MMC. CHO-MMC cells exhib ited a 17-fold increase in resistance to MMC and were 33-fold cr...

Background: Human luteinizing hormone (hLH) stimulates steroid biosynthesis of the ovary, triggers ovulation and prepares androgen production of testicular Leydig cells. LH belongs to the family of glycoprotein hormones that are heterodimers consisting of a common α-subunit and specific β-subunit. hLH is necessary for clinical and infertility treatment. Recombinant DNA technology provides a use...

Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO cells) do not exhibit any Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE1) activity. Challenge of CHO cells with agonists for endogenous P2-purinoceptors, lysophosphatidic acid receptors and thrombin receptors caused a similar rapid transient induction of PDE1 activity in each instance. This was also evident on noradrenaline challenge of a cloned CHO cel...

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells become sensitive to Fas (CD95)-mediated apoptosis 3 to 5 days after CD40 ligation. However, CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) can kill CLL B cells via a Fas-ligand (CD178)-dependent process within 24 hours after CD40 cross-linking, when ligation of CD95 alone is insufficient to induce apoptosis. In addition to CD95, CD40-activated CLL cells also expr...

The clinical relevance of the urokinase receptor (uPAR) as a prognostic marker in ovarian cancer is well documented. We had shown that the uPAR sequence corresponding to 84-95 residues, linking D1 and D2 domains (uPAR84-95), drives cell migration and angiogenesis in a protease-independent manner. This study was aimed at defining the contribution of uPAR84-95 sequence to invasion of ovarian canc...

Introduction: Neurotrophins, as a family of proteins, are responsible for induction of the survival, development, and function of neurons. Also, neurotropic factors are growth factors like Neurotrophins that help neurons survive. Moreover, Neurotrophins differentiate between progenitor cells so that neurons are formed. Despite the fact that the majority of mammalian brain neurons are produced p...

Blinatumomab, the bispecific T cell engager, has been demonstrated as the most successful BsAb to date. Throughout the past decade, vector design has great importance for the expression of monoclonal antibody in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. It has been indicated that expression plasmids based on the elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1 alpha) gene and DHFR selection marker can be highly effect...

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are the most widely used mammalian hosts for production of therapeutic proteins. However, development of recombinant CHO cell lines has been hampered by unstable and variable transgene expression caused by random integration. Here we demonstrate efficient targeted gene integration into site-specific loci in CHO cells using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system and ...

Much effort has been expended on analyzing how microfilament and microtubule cytoskeletons dictate the interaction of cells with matrix at adhesive sites called focal adhesions (FAs). However, vimentin intermediate filaments (IFs) also associate with the cell surface at FAs in endothelial cells. Here, we show that IF recruitment to FAs in endothelial cells requires beta3 integrin, plectin and t...