INTRODUCTION ........................................................... 208 ORGANELLE GENOME SIZE AND SHAPE ........................................ 208 Size and Shape of Mitochondrial Deoxyribonucleic Acids (DNAs) ...... ............... 209 Size and Shape of Chloroplast DNAs.............................................. 212 GENE ARRANGEMENT IN ORGANELLE DNAs ......... ...........................

Analysis of the maize chloroplast DNA-dependent RNA polymerase by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels that contain sodium dodecyl sulfate shows that the enzyme is multimeric. It contains at least two polypeptides of 180,000 and 140,000 daltons. Polypeptides of lower molecular mass that are associated with the enzyme at several stages of purification may also be subunits of the enzyme. Electr...

490 plants retain both of the adjacent cpDNA NcoI sites that are outside the experimental construct. Most digested DNA samples from the kanamycin-resistant plants show two hybridization fragments that mirror those in the transplastome (Fig. 3a,b in ref. 1). The generally large size of the integrants is confirmed by sequence data from two of the kanamycin-resistant plants (Fig. 3e,f in ref. 1). ...

When Chlamydomonas reinhardi is supplied with (methyl-(3)H)-thymidine, radioactivity is incorporated specifically into chloroplast DNA Chromatographic analysis of the products of enzymatic hydrolysis of the DNA reveals that only thymidine monophosphate has been labeled. Use of thymidine-6-(3)H yields an identical result. If thymidine-(3)H monophosphate is supplied, a small amount of radioactivi...

Phenetic analysis of morphological characters in different species of Onobrychis Miller sect. Hymenobrychis DC. (Fabaceae), classified them in two main groups based on corolla features. To determine the phylogenetic relationships among the 13 species, chloroplast DNA sequences were used. Analysis of these data resulted in a well-resolved and well-supported phylogeny. Phylogenies generated by ma...

It has been reported that exogenously supplied thymidine and thymidine analogues, e.g. 5-bromodeoxyuridine, are specifically incorporated into chloroplast (B-component) D N A in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (10). The chloroplast-specific incorporation is found in vegetative cells, but this specificity is lost during meiosis when both nuclear D N A and chloroplast D N A can be labeled by radioactiv...

The chloroplast ribosomes from five antibiotic resistant strains of Chlamydomonas, each carrying one mutant gene mapping in chloroplast DNA, have been shown to be resistant to the corresponding antibiotic in a poly(U)-directed amino-acid incorporating assay system. The alteration conferring resistance was localized to the 30S subunit in ribosomes from streptomycin, neamine, and spectinomycin re...

Rytidosperma s.l., wallaby grasses and allies, is in dire need of a single, unanimously accepted generic taxonomy. Motivated by the desire to establish a generic classification that complies with phylogeny, we investigated how much phylogenetic signal is contained within a plastid (cpDNA) tree, given that the nrDNA tree (ITS) was uninformative and that a phylogenetic hypothesis based on a singl...

The South American Transition Zone (SATZ) is a biogeographic area in which not only orogeny (Andes uplift) and climate events (aridification) since the mid-Miocene, but also Quaternary glaciation cycles had an important impact on the evolutionary history of the local flora. To study this effect, we selected Munroa argentina, an annual grass distributed in the biogeographic provinces of Puna, Pr...