OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of chloride channel protein 2 (ClC-2) in glutamate-induced apoptosis in the retinal ganglion cell line (RGC-5). MATERIALS AND METHODS RGC-5 cells were treated with 1 mM glutamate for 24 hr. The expression of ClC-2, Bax, and Bcl-2 was detected by western blot analysis. Cell survival and apoptosis were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylt...

The Chloride Intracellular Ion Channel (CLIC) family consists of six conserved proteins in humans. These are a group of enigmatic proteins, which adopt both a soluble and membrane bound form. CLIC1 was found to be a metamorphic protein, where under specific environmental triggers it adopts more than one stable reversible soluble structural conformation. CLIC1 was found to spontaneously insert i...

potassium channels allow potassium flux and are essential for the generation of electric current acrossexcitable membranes. potassium channels are also the targets of various intracellular controlmechanisms; such that the suboptimal regulation of channel function might be related to pathologicalconditions. realistic studies of ion current in biologic channels present a major challenge for compu...

Oxytocin protects against ischemia-induced inflammation and oxidative stress, and is associated with GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid, an inhibitory neurotransmitter) signaling transduction in neurons. However, the molecular mechanism by which oxytocin affords neuroprotection, especially the interaction between oxytocin receptor and GABAA receptor (GABAAR), remains to be elucidated. Primary rat neural...

PURPOSE The human fetal cell line RPE 28 SV4 has been useful for studies of oxidative stress and apoptosis in retinal pigmented epithelium. This cell model is now assessed in functional investigations of chloride channel activity. The study aims to determine the presence of specific chloride channels, including CFTR and ClC channels, to identify the properties of membrane chloride currents and ...

introduction: the purpose of this study was to determine na-ca exchanger 2, 3 (ncx2, 3) protein level changes during 2, 5, 10, 15 days after induction of normobaric hyperoxia (ho) preconditioning. materials and methods: rats were divided in two experimental groups. the first group was exposed to 95% inspired ho for 4 h/day for 6 consecutive days (ho). the second group acted as control, and was ...

Several types of channels play a role in the maintenance of ion homeostasis in subcellular organelles including endoplasmatic reticulum, nucleus, lysosome, endosome, and mitochondria. Here we give a brief overview of the contribution of various mitochondrial and other organellar channels to cancer cell proliferation or death. Much attention is focused on channels involved in intracellular calci...