Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1/M-CSF) is a key factor for the differentiation, growth and survival of monocytes/macrophages and osteoclasts. The functions of M-CSF have been well characterized in mammals. In this study, we have cloned and sequenced the cDNA of M-CSF2 in grass carp. The grass carp M-CSF2 cDNA was 1487 bp in length, containing an open reading frame of 855 bp that enc...

Distribution ! e common carp [Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus (1758)] has been one of the oldest domesticated species of fi sh for food. Culture of carp in China dates back to at least the 5th century BC, although domestication began much later. ! e European races of carp derived from wild carp of the Danube; the earliest attempts date back to the Roman Empire and spread of Christianity in Europe, fro...

Bioaccumulation and risk assessment of microcystins (MCs) in muscle of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) from eight eutrophic lakes along the Yangtze River of China were examined by using liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. MCs contents in seston collected from these eutrophic lakes ranged from 0.02 to 21.7 μg/L. MCs concentrations in silver carp muscle samp...

In this study, the concentration of lead ([Pb]) in the surface water, sediments, soils and muscles of carp and crab in the upstream and downstream coastal watersheds along the Northern Bohai and Yellow Seas (NBYS) in China was investigated and the risks of Pb were evaluated. The mean [Pb] in the downstream water (2.62 μg/L) and sediments [24.5 mg/kg, dry mass (dm)] was greater than the Chinese ...

INTRODUCTION Anti-carbamylated protein (anti-CarP) antibodies have been described in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and arthralgia patients at risk of developing RA. To what extent these autoantibodies are specific for RA is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the diagnostic performance of the presence of anti-CarP antibodies for RA in a setting of early arthritis. METHODS Anti-CarP antibodies wer...

Two species of common edible fish, common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), were exposed to a Microcystis spp.-dominated natural cyanobacterial water bloom for two months (concentrations of cyanobacterial toxin microcystin, 182-539 microg/g biomass dry wt). Toxins accumulated up to 1.4 to 29 ng/g fresh weight and 3.3 to 19 ng/g in the muscle of silver carp an...

The effect of adding protein xanthophyll from lucerne (PX) on growth parameters and the redox profile of carp muscle Cyprinus carpio (L.) was studied. During a 10-week experiment, carp were kept in two types of tanks: Control, where fish were fed a commercial fish feed, and in experimental tanks (PX+), where the fish were fed the same fish feed with a 5% addition protein xanthophyll from lucern...

Many experimental studies have documented the impact of microcystins (MC) on fish based on either intraperitoneal injection, or oral gavaging via the diet, but few experiments were conducted by MC exposure through natural food uptake in lakes. In this study, the phytoplanktivorous silver carp were stocked in a large pen set in Meiliang Bay of Taihu Lake where toxic Microcystis blooms occurred i...

Management of silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix has become a growing concern for multiple state and federal entities. Commercial fishing may have the greatest potential to control silver carp. However, for a management action to be successful, the level of exploitation required to reduce silver carp populations must be quantified. Therefore, silver carp were collected from Midwestern U.S....

The purpose of the study was to determine the microbiological status of 161 samples cooled and frozen fish products collected from retail markets in the Republic of Bulgaria. The highest total viable counts (TVCs) in cooled fish products were established for silver carp (7.30 log cfu/g), Black sea roach (7.28 log cfu/g) and trout (7.11 log cfu/g), followed by common carp (6.81 log cfu/g), vacuu...