In a large-scale Swiss poultry abattoir, a microbiological process analysis of broiler carcasses was performed. At each selected process stage (scalding, plucking, evisceration, washing, and chilling), 90 carcasses from 30 flocks were sampled and examined for Campylobacter, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Enterobacteriaceae, and extended-spectrum b-lactamases-producing Enterobacteriaceae. With re...

This paper presents a framework and results of using model-based design (MBD) methodology to evaluate the benefit and trade-offs of different chiller plant control algorithms for medium-sized commercial buildings including an optimization-based algorithm that can be deployed rapidly with little installation and commission effort. A highfidelity dynamic simulation model for selected building typ...

A rigorous mathematical approach is developed for optimization of sustainable single-effect water/Lithium Bromide (LiBr) absorption cooling cycles. The multi-objective formulation accounts for minimization of the chiller area as well as the environmental impact associated with the operation of the absorption cycle. The environmental impact is quantified based on the global warming potential and...

AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate a novel esophageal heat transfer device for use in inducing, maintaining, and reversing hypothermia. We hypothesized that this device could successfully induce, maintain (within a 1 °C range of goal temperature), and reverse, mild therapeutic hypothermia in a large animal model over a 30-h treatment protocol. METHODS Five female Yorkshire swine, weighing a mean of...

The conventional design of air-conditioning plants using large-tonnage chillers calls for a condenser-water flow rate of 3 gallons-perminute-per-ton-of-refrigeration (GPM/TR). For years, this standard has been thought to offer a good balance between first cost and energy cost. Recently, this conventional design has been challenged by proponents of a 2 GPM/TR design. These proponents suggest tha...

Due to the merits of energy saving and environmental protection, the absorption chiller (AC) has attracted a lot of attention, and previous studies only concentrated on the dynamic response of the AC under a single working condition. However, the working conditions are usually variable, and the dynamic performance under different working conditions is beneficial for the adjustment of AC and the...

The most critical problem in the world is to meet the energy demand, because of steadily increasing energy consumption. Refrigeration systems` electricity consumption has big portion in overall consumption. Therefore, considerable attention has been given to refrigeration capacity modulation system in order to decrease electricity consumption of these systems. Capacity modulation is used to mee...