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1 New Advances in Cardiac Phenotyping 2 3 4 Ronglih Liao, Bruno K. Podesser, and Chee Chew Lim 5 6 Cardiac Muscle Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Division, Department of 7 Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston 8 Massachusetts, 2 Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research, Core Unit for 9 Biomedical Research, Allgemeines Krankenhaus Wien, Medical...

In the Escherichia coli chemosensory pathway, receptor modification mediates adaptation to ligand. Evidence is presented that covalent modification influences ligand binding to receptors in complexes with CheW and the kinase CheA. Kinase inhibition was measured with serine receptor complexes in different modification levels; Ki for serine-mediated inhibition increased 10,000-fold from the lowes...

Chemoreceptor arrays are supramolecular transmembrane machines of unknown structure that allow bacteria to sense their surroundings and respond by chemotaxis. We have combined X-ray crystallography of purified proteins with electron cryotomography of native arrays inside cells to reveal the arrangement of the component transmembrane receptors, histidine kinases (CheA) and CheW coupling proteins...

In tracing world ecological degradation over a period of fi ve millennia, Sing Chew (2001) points out that “...the history of civilizations...and states is also the history of ecological degradation and crisis...[as such]...ecological relation is as primary as the economic relation in the self-expansionary processes of societal systems...” (pp. 1–2). Particularly over the last half of the twent...

The ideas of robust sets, robust functions and robustness of general set-valued maps were introduced by Chew and Zheng [7, 26], and further developed by Shi, Zheng, Zhuang [18, 19, 20], Phú, Hoffmann and Hichert [8, 9, 10, 17] to weaken up the semi-continuity requirements of certain global optimization algorithms. The robust analysis, along with the measure theory, has well served as the basis ...