BACKGROUND The sporadic cases of radiation-activated multiple sclerosis (MS) has been previously described, with a few studies focused on the relationship between radiation and the risk of MS. The aim of our study was to evaluate the association between history of X-ray radiation and MS. METHODS This case-control study was conducted on 150 individuals including 65 MS patients and 85 age- and ...

Background: High serum amylase is frequently found in perforated duodenal ulcer (PDU) ,the rise in serum amylase occurs in cases of perforated peptic ulcer partly as a result of increase leakage of pancreatic enzymes rich fluid from the perforation site with subsequent absorption by peritoneal lymphatics & partly due to damage of pancreases by digestive enzymes that spilled through the perforat...

results the data showed that vital signs and physical examination findings are useful screening parameters for predicting chest radiograph findings in outpatient settings. therefore, by implementing a prediction rule, we would be able to determine which patients would benefit from a chest x-ray (sensitivity, 94% and specificity, 57%). conclusion this study's findings suggest that requesting che...

R&D outsourcing is often conducted during the early, market-distant stages of the innovation process. However, the main obstacle to this potentially efficient interfirm specialization is the high danger of moral hazard. Most organizational mechanisms fail to control that type of opportunism because of information asymmetries, even ex post. In the theory of incomplete contracts, this problem is ...

Recent articles have proposed that the future of services research may be at risk due to the foundation upon which the services discipline has been built. Indeed, the most fundamental issue of the service discipline or science is still subject to debate, namely the paradigm that answers the question “What is a service?” Common paradigms of services have been criticized in the literature as bein...

My dissertation studies the impact of economic linkages among market participants on equilibrium outcomes such as asset prices and returns as well as investors’ welfare. The first essay—titled “Inter-firm Relationships and Asset Prices”—studies the asset pricing properties that stem from the propagation of shocks within a network economy and the extent to which such a propagation mechanism quan...

Purpose of this paper This paper explores the implementation of lean within two contrasting UK based organizations; a food manufacturer and a healthcare organization. The different contexts provide insight to the strategic desire for efficiency gains and tactical issues and challenges of lean execution and implementation. Design / methodology / approach The research questions developed from the...

We explore the determinants and effects of trust relationships between upstream suppliers and downstream producers. Using unique survey data on individual supplier-buyer relationships in the German automotive industry, we show, by means of different measures of supplierbuyer trust, that higher levels of trust mitigate relationship-specific underinvestment in a classical hold-up situation. Moreo...