Chemokine receptors are G protein-coupled receptors that mediate migration and activation of leukocytes as an important part of a protective immune response to injury and infection. In addition, chemokine receptors are used by HIV-1 to infect CD4 positive cells. The structural bases of chemokine receptor recognition and signal transduction are currently being investigated. High-resolution X-ray...

Chemokines are a family of low molecular weight proteins with an essential role in leukocyte trafficking during both homeostasis and inflammation. The CC class of chemokines consists of at least 28 members (CCL1-28) that signal through 10 known chemokine receptors (CCR1-10). CC chemokine receptors are expressed predominantly by T cells and monocyte-macrophages, cell types associated predominant...

Chemokines belong to a large family of inflammatory cytokines responsible for migration and accumulation of leukocytes at inflammatory sites. Over the past decade, accumulating evidence indicated a crucial role for chemokines and chemokine receptors in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the synovial tissue is heavily infiltrated by leuk...

Recruitment of leukocytes is a characteristic feature of tissue injury in systemic lupus erythematosus, including lupus nephritis. Locally secreted chemokines and their receptors are important mediators of leukocyte recruitment to the specific sites of immune complex injury, and contribute to renal inflammatory disease in the initiation and progression phase. Therefore, chemokines and chemokine...

The discovery of follicular B helper T (TFH) cells has its roots in the early 90s, the “childhood” of chemokine research that has since grown into an independent, global specialty within immunology. The class of chemoattractant proteins with shared structural features was named “chemokines,” and early work with non-chemokine (FMLP, C5a) and chemokine (IL-8/CXCL8) receptors revealed that chemoki...

This study identifies chemokine receptors involved in an autocrine regulation of re-epithelialization after skin tissue damage. We determined which receptors, from a panel of 13, are expressed in healthy human epidermis and which monospecific chemokine ligands, secreted by keratinocytes, were able to stimulate migration and proliferation. A reconstructed epidermis cryo(freeze)-wound model was u...

Over the past decade, accumulating evidence has indicated a crucial role for chemokines and chemokine receptors in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases in both human and mouse models. Locally secreted chemokines and their receptors are important mediators of leukocyte recruitment to the tissues, and contribute to the initiation and progression of autoimmune diseases. Thus, blockade of chemok...

Chemokines and chemokine receptors orchestrate cell migration and homing in the body. Humans have at least 44 chemokines that are further classified into four subfamilies based on the N-terminal conserved cysteine motifs: CXC, CC, C and CX3C. All the known chemokine receptors are seven transmembrane-type receptors. Humans have 18 chemotactic and 5 atypical non-chemotactic (recycling or scavengi...