Although the particulate fraction of egg yolk (yolk granules) has attracted the attention of investigators since Miescher (1) and Hoppe-Seyler (2)) reliable information concerning the distribution of the yolk constituents between its soluble phase and the granules is lacking. Separation of both phases is difficult, owing to the high viscosity of egg yolk. For this reason, all information concer...

Heavily polluted sediment is becoming an important part of water pollution, and this situation is particularly acute in developing countries. Sediment has gradually changed from being the pollution adsorbent to the release source and has influenced the water environment and public health. In this study, we evaluated the pollutant distribution in sediment in a heavily polluted river and agitated...

ater suppliers need information about the removal efficiency of Cryptosporidium and potential surrogate parameters over a broad range of water quality and treatment conditions. These data can be obtained by tracking environmental concentrations of Cryptosporidium through full-scale treatment plants or feeding larger numbers of oocysts through pilot-scale facilities. Table 1 shows published Cryp...

The isolation and sorting of cells has become an increasingly important step in chemical and biological analyses. As a unit operation in more complex analyses, isolating a phenotypically pure cell population from a heterogeneous sample presents unique challenges. Microfluidic systems are ideal platforms for performing cell separations, enabling integration with other techniques and enhancing tr...

Land degradation impacts on several critical environmental issues such as food security, diminishing quality and quantity of fresh water resources, preservation of natural resources, loss of biodiversity, and global climate change. Land degradation is responsible for soil erosion and can eventually lead to desertification. The International Convention to Combat Desertification (CCD) defines des...

We measured the densities of the cell sap, endoplasm and cell wall of Nitellopsis obtusa and Chara corallina using interference microscopy, refractometry, immersion refractometry, equilibrium sedimentation and chemical microanalysis techniques. These values are important for the determination of many rheological properties of the cytoplasm as well as for understanding buoyancy regulation, disp...

Source control by on-site retention and infiltration of stormwater is a sustainable and proven alternative to classical drainage methods. Unfortunately, sedimentary particles and pollutants from drained surfaces cause clogging and endanger soil and groundwater during long-term operation of infiltration devices. German water authorities recommend the use of infiltration devices, such as swales o...

Colloidal mesoporous silica nanoparticles less than 20 nm in diameter are prepared by dialysis; this simple surfactant removal route can avoid aggregation by sedimentation-redispersion and remove cationic surfactants while retaining the original colloidal state, which is applicable to the preparation of primary nanoparticles carrying a functional organic substance.

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In this study, various organic solvents were used to prepare coal slurries and the rheological and thermal properties of coal-organic solvent slurries were examined. Solvents with molecules containing unpaired electrons (high basicity) show high extraction power and cause swelling of coal. Therefore, coal-organic solvent slurries usually showed higher viscosities compared to coal-water slurry. ...