A good benchmark dataset is a primary requirement in the offline handwritten character recognition (HCR) process. Only three numerals and alphabet datasets from Odia are publicly accessible for study, although many writers have used several their experiments. In this article, two tasks done to address issue. Those following: First, an extensive survey focused on various provided with methodolog...

After decades of research, Optical Character Recognition (OCR) has entered into a relatively mature stage. Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) OCR software packages have become powerful tools in Document Recognition and Retrieval (DRR) applications. One question naturally arises: What areas are left for new DRR research beyond COTS OCR software? There are many discussions around it in recent confer...

Regardless of language, the standard character set for text messages (SMS) and many other social media platforms is the Roman alphabet. There are romanization conventions for some character sets, but they are used inconsistently in informal text, such as SMS. In this work, we convert informal, romanized Urdu messages into the native Arabic script and normalize non-standard SMS language. Doing s...

for alexandr sergeyevich pushkin, one of the greatestrevolutionary novelists and poets of the 19th century, society and thegoverning power were two lifetime issues. pushkin portrayed different socialclasses including farmers, peasants, and rulers. moreover, he was master offorming character types. one of these character types that has been mainlydealt with in this study is the superfluous man i...

The development of good character in Islam is mostly a process of dealing with one’s emotions. It helps to build and support positive or good emotions or virtues and to fight and suppress negative emotions. Character building would therefore, have much to do with patience and perseverance in controlling emotions leading to negative aspects and reinforcement of emotions leading to positive ethic...

The aim of this paper is to compute the rational character tables of the dicyclic group $T_{4n}$, the groups of order $pq$ and $pqr$. Some general properties of rational character tables are also considered into account.The aim of this paper is to compute the rational character tables of the dicyclic group $T_{4n}$, the groups of order $pq$ and $pqr$. Some general properties of rational charact...

We are conducting a long-term experiment (in progress) to compare the costs and beneets of several diierent software inspection methods. These methods are being applied by professional developers to a commercial software product they are currently writing. Because the laboratory for this experiment is a live development eeort, we took special care to minimize cost and risk to the project, while...

A development of a computational cognitive architecture for the simulation of intelligent virtual characters is described in this paper. By specializing and adapting from an existing structure for a situated design agent, we propose three process models—reflexive, reactive and reflective—which derive behavioural models that underlie intelligent behaviours for these characters. Various combinati...

Fossil evidence documenting the evolutionary transition from theropod dinosaurs to birds indicates unambiguously that the digits of the wing of birds are digits 1, 2, and 3. However, some embryological evidence suggests that these digits are 2, 3, and 4. This apparent lack of correspondence has been described as the greatest challenge to the widely accepted theropod-bird link (Zhou 2004. Naturw...