Abstract A harmonic scalar field has a Laplacian (i.e., both source-free and curl-free) gradient vector vice versa. Despite the good performance of spherical series on modeling gravitational generated by spheroidal bodies (e.g., Earth), may diverge inside Brillouin sphere enclosing all field-generating mass. Divergence realistically occur when determining fields asteroids or comets that have co...

The concept of "design space" plays an integral part in implementation of quality by design for pharmaceutical products. ICH Q8 defines design space as "the multidimensional combination and interaction of input variables (e.g., material attributes) and process parameters that have been demonstrated to provide assurance of quality. Working within the design space is not considered as a change. M...

The deposition of droplets size [5–22] ?m on the surface particles in a gas–solid fluidized bed has been investigated employing one-way coupled CFD-DEM modeling. In this approach gas phase is solved as continuum and free-droplets are Lagrangian objects, while solid assumed to be stationary act an obstacle for fluid flow. way, it was possible calculate factor, defined ratio deposited number inje...

A hybrid VOF–Lagrangian method for simulating the aerodynamic breakup of liquid droplets induced by a traveling shock wave is proposed and tested. The droplet deformation fragmentation, together with subsequent mist development, are predicted using fully three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model following unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes approach. main characteristics aerobre...