Background Spinal epidural arteriovenous fistulas (seAVF) are a rare subset of vascular lesions that most commonly found in the cervical levels. Unlike spinal dural AVF, seAVF typically supplied by multiple arteries, including direct branches from vertebral artery, which increases risk nontarget embolization using transarterial endovascular approach. In these cases, transvenous may be preferabl...

OBJECTIVE The purpose was to identify the prevalence, causative factors, injury types, and associated injury patterns in multitrauma patients who sustained brachial plexus injuries. METHODS A retrospective review of a prospectively collected and computerized database and a chart review were performed. RESULTS Brachial plexus injuries were identified in 54 of 4538 (1.2%) patients presenting ...

Background Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) in pregnancy is a rare event, but it poses a significant risk to mothers and fetuses. The optimal treatment strategy remains controversial. Methods We present a consecutive series of twelve pregnant women with pHPT. Results Twelve women were diagnosed with pHPT during pregnancy or in the postpartum period. Four of them presented no symptoms or m...

HYPOTHESIS That alternative methods of cerebral protection, especially routine shunting of all patients undergoing general anesthesia or shunting on the basis of neurologic assessment with the patient awake under cervical plexus block, result in outcomes of carotid endarterectomy comparable with those reported using electroencephalographic monitoring. DESIGN Retrospective review of cases from...

The aim of this clinical report is to describe the use of sequential regional and general anesthesia for concomitant carotid and abdominal aortic surgery. We performed, in a 70-year-old man, a cervical plexus block for carotid endarterectomy (CEA) followed immediately by general anesthesia for resection of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. This anesthetic approach provided adequate surgical conditi...

True neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is an uncommon disorder despite of be a frequent reason for referral to the EMG laboratories. We describe the second case in the literature of true TOS in a competitive swimmer with progressive weakness and severe atrophy of the left thenar eminence. EMG showed lower trunk plexopathy. X-ray and MRI of the cervical spine and brachial plexus were nor...

Ipsilateral invasion of the cervical sympathetic plexus, leading to Horner's syndrome (miosis, enophthalmos, ptosis) in 1450% of patients [2] . Ipsilateral reflex sympathetic dystrophy in the arm, with enhanced sensitivity to touch, and skin changes. Shoulder and arm pain (from the brachial plexus invasion C8-T1) with wasting of the intrinsic hand muscles and paraesthesiae in the medial side of...