Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies consistently show that CSF levels of amyloid-beta 1-42 (Aβ42) are reduced and tau levels increased prior to the onset of cognitive decline related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the preclinical prediction accuracy for low CSF Aβ42 levels, a surrogate for brain Aβ42 deposits, is not high. Moreover, the pathology data suggests a course initiated by tauopat...

We explored the changes of the initially highly upgraded cerebrospinal fluid matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of MMP 1 (TIMP-1) response during recovery of childhood bacterial meningitis and their association with outcome. The sizes of these changes varied substantially, but a steeper decrease in the MMP-9 and an increase of the TIMP-1 concentrations augured a better outc...

Measurement of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the minor dopamine metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid in neonates and children indicates that a rapid decline (approximately 90%) occurs in the first 2 years of life. The much less rapid ontogenetic decline seen for the predominant dopamine metabolite, homovanillic acid (HVA), indicates that differing factors affect CSF levels of the two...

The cerebrospinal fluid penetration of moxalactam was simultaneously investigated in three patients with presumed bacterial meningitis. When ratios of simultaneously drawn ventriculostomy to serum moxalactam levels of 1, 2, 3, and 4 h were examined, the penetration ratios were 7.8 +/- 2.4, 11.2 +/- 1.3, 14.2 +/- 2.5, and 15.0 +/- 4.9%, respectively. These ratios were not statistically different...

Cerebrospinal fluid absorption has been studied in a patient with primary hypoparathyroidism, papilloedema, and epilepsy. A marked reduction of cerebrospinal fluid transport into plasma was demonstrated which returned to normal after correction of the hypocalcaemia.

Simple, fast detection of cerebrospinal fluid leakage due to head injuries is important for diagnosis and early start-up of correct treatment. We are not aware of any good, rapid diagnostic tests for detecting cerebrospinal fluid. Measuring sugar concentration and protein content normally yields uncertain results. At the University Hospital of North Norway in Tromsø, tinted chlorhexidine has be...

Copyright © 2014 Nikolaos Gkekas et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In accordance of the Creative Commons Attribution License all Copyrights © 2014 are reserved for SCIRP and the owner of the intellectual prope...

In the present study, the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of horses diagnosed with Setaria digitata cerebrospinal filariasis were analyzed by western blot. The results revealed S. digitata protein bands measuring 65, 34, 22, and 18 kDa in molecular weight. In particular, the 18 kDa band is a possible candidate for clinical immunodiagnosis on the basis of western blot findings.

PURPOSE This prospective study was designed to establish the temporal and quantitative relationship between blood flow and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow using a phase-contrast cine MR pulse sequence. METHODS A cine phase-contrast MR pulse sequence using peripheral gating was used to measure CSF flow direction and velocity. Data were acquired continuously and interpolated into 16 images throu...

Poor prognosis in Pneumococcal meningitis may be associated with high pneumolysin levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In patient samples we showed that pneumolysin levels in CSF remained high after 48 hours in nonsurvivors of meningitis compared with survivors. Selective antipneumolysin treatment may present a novel therapeutic option.