Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an ultrafiltrate of plasma formed by active, ATP-dependent pumps located predominantly in the choroidal epithelium. CSF is continuously produced and absorbed, turning over approximately 3-4 times per day. CSF normally is colorless, odorless, and contains very few cells. Compared to serum, CSF is low in protein, glucose, potassium and calcium, but high in sodium, mag...

Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) indinavir concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The median concentration in plasma exceeded that in CSF 10-fold. The modeled CSF curve was flat at 155 nM, and the estimated ratio of the areas under the CSF and plasma concentration-time curves was 6%. We conclude that CSF indinavir concentrations are lower than levels in plas...

BACKGROUND Study aimed at investigation of pathogenic role and prognostic value of several selected cerebrospinal fluid acute phase factors that can reflect the severity of ischemic brain damage. METHODS Ninety five acute ischemic stroke patients were investigated. Ischemic region visualized at the twenty fourth hour by conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Stroke severity evaluated by Nat...

Abstract Introduction Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak happens when there is an abnormal connection between the brain cavity inside and environment outside. It important to establish a good barrier tissue nose prevent cerebrospinal protect from exposure infection. which can be done either by endoscopic or non-endoscopic surgical repair. Patients methods The aim of this work evaluate effectiveness...

BACKGROUND There is a clear need to develop an objective diagnostic test for Alzheimer disease (AD). Changes in the levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau protein and beta-amyloid 42 (Abeta42) peptide in patients with AD have been well documented, but the relationship between these biomarkers and neuropathologic changes in the brain is not established. OBJECTIVE To study the relationship bet...

Hydrocephalus is a condition where an abnormal build-up of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fluid causes an increase in pressure in the ventricles or subarachnoid space of the brain. It can be caused by either the blockage of CSF flow (i.e. obstructive/non-communicating hydrocephalus) in the ventricular system or by inadequate re-absorption of CSF fluid (i.e. non-obstructive/communicating hydrocephalu...

Meningitis is a rare and potentially serious complication in children with temporal bone fractures. We present an unusual case of 7-year-old girl pneumococcal meningitis complicated by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage following transverse fracture the left bone. She had otorrhea resolved spontaneously early stage hospitalization. At 4 days post-discharge, patient returned headache, fever, neck...

A rapid, microenzymatic method was used to measure cerebrospinal fluid lactate levels in 205 children with suspected bacterial meningitis. Fifty children with normal CSF containing fewer than 0.005 X 10(9)/l WBC, no segmented neutrophils, glucose 3.4 +/- 0.8 mmol/l (61.2 +/- 14.4 mg/100 ml), and a protein of less than 0.30 g/l had CSF lactate levels below 2.0 mmol/l (18 mg/100 ml) (mean and sta...

UNLABELLED Neurological deficit remains a devastating complication of thoracic aortic surgery despite advances in methods to protect the spinal cord from ischemia. Various techniques have been used, including the combination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage and distal aortic perfusion to decrease the incidence of postoperative neurological deficit. These deficits are usually bilateral and ...