Market-based theories predict that differences in CEO skills lead to potentially large differences in pay, but it is challenging to quantify the CEO skill premium in pay. In a first step toward overcoming this empirical challenge, we code detailed biographical information on a large sample of CEOs for a panel of S&P 1,500 firms between 1993 and 2005 to identify specific reputational, career, an...

This study builds on structural elaboration theory by developing a model to explain the adoption of board structures that appear to conform to the prevailing institutional logic, but which in fact contradict it. We test our theory with the case of CEO-only board structures, a formal increase in board independence that prior research has shown to lead to greater CEO entrenchment rather than incr...

Au/CeO₂ solids were prepared by two methods: deposition-precipitation (DP) and impregnation (Imp). The prepared solids were calcined under air at 400°C. Both types of catalysts have been tested in the total oxidation of propylene, toluene, carbon monoxide, and carbon black. Au/CeO₂-DP solids were the most reactive owing to the high number of gold nanoparticles and Au⁺ species and the low concen...

We study complexified Harmonic Oscillator with a position-dependent mass, termed as Complex Exotic Oscillator (CEO). The complexification induces a gauge invariance [19, 11]. The role of PT -symmetry is discussed from the perspective of classical trajectories of CEO for real energy. Some trajectories of CEO are similar to those for the particle in a quartic potential in the complex domain [10, ...

in present competitive business environment, learning organization is an important competitive advantage. along the time with its changes, cause the organization has to pay more attention to learning for improving their quality process more than the past. these changes has affected on different organizations, such as conservation environment organization (ceo). according to the monitoring role ...

Successive encoding strategies are developed for some prototype sensor network problems based on generalized Wyner-Ziv encoding. Their performance is analyzed for quadratic-Gaussian versions of both a new serially structured CEO problem as well as the classical CEO problem.

The dental erosion or decalcification of enamel is a significant clinical problem. Apple acidic beverages are thought to increase the potential for dental erosion. The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of clove essential oil (CEO) and its active principles on tooth decalcification of apple juices. On GC-MS analysis, CEO showed a high content of eugenol (58.29%) and eu...