This paper explores how the dongba as the ritual practitioner perceives his authenticity during the marriage ceremony in the Naxi Wedding Courtyard in Lijiang, China. Through the dongba’s life story, the paper indicates that, the power of his making judgment is not entirely related to the toured objects, socially constructed reality or the existential feeling, but also has to do with what happe...

Privacy has a significant role in formulating the elements of traditional Islamic architecture due to its critical importance law. However, birth modern and contemporary brought by trends rapid urbanization created diminishing sense privacy comfort building users. Besides, there is lack understanding body knowledge about from an architectural perspective. Therefore, present study aims investiga...