Background and aims Gut-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), formed by microbial fermentation of dietary fibers, are believed to be involved in the etiology of obesity and diabetes. Previous data from our group showed that colonic infusions of physiologically relevant SCFA mixtures attenuated whole-body lipolysis in overweight men. To further study potential mechanisms involved in the antili...

BACKGROUND Mucins play an important protective role in the colonic mucosa. Luminal factors modulating colonic mucus release have been not fully identified. AIM To determine the effect of some dietary compounds on mucus discharge in rat colon. METHODS An isolated vascularly perfused rat colon model was used. Mucus secretion was induced by a variety of luminal factors administered as a bolus ...

We investigated the distribution of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) in enema samples taken from subjects before sigmoidoscopy as an indicator of possible microbial community differences between subjects subsequently diagnosed as normal or having colonic disorders. The major SCFA in all groups were acetic, propionic, and butyric acids. A significantly higher ratio of acetate to total SCFA and low...

Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are potentially valuable as a topical therapy for distal ulcerative colitis. The mechanism of action is unknown but may involve improved intracellular energy production as previous evidence indicates that colonocyte oxidation of butyrate is impaired in ulcerative colitis. No information is, however, available on human mucosal metabolism of acetate and propionate ...

Short-chain fatty acids constitute a major energy source in ruminants (Annison & Lewis, 1959). These products of ruminal fermentation are absorbed directly into portal blood and pass to the liver before reaching the general circulation. Examination of arterial and portal blood in sheep has indicated that propionate and butyrate are almost completely removed by the liver under normal feeding con...

The native state of protein is a resultant of delicate balance of various interactions of protein within itself and with surrounding environment. Disruption of this balance by heat, cold, pressure, pH, denaturant etc., leads to protein denaturation. In the present paper we have investigated the effect of sodium acetate, magnesium acetate calcium acetate, sodium propionate and sodium butyrate on...

The control of oxidative metabolism was studied using carbon-13 (13C) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to determine the ratelimiting steps in 13C labeling of glutamate. 13 C NMR spectra were acquired from isolated rabbit hearts perfused with either 2.5 mM [213C] acetate or 2.5 mM [213 C] butyrate, and with or without KCl arrest. The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux and the inter...

Background Exploring different microbial sources for biotechnological production of organic acids is important. Dutch and Thai cow rumen samples were used as inocula to produce organic acid from starch waste in anaerobic reactors. Organic acid production profiles were determined and microbial communities were compared using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene amplicon pyrosequencing. Results ...