The mechanical properties of tissues play a critical role in their normal and pathophysiological functions such as tissue development, aging, injury, disease. Understanding mechanics is important not only for designing realistic biomimetic materials engineering drug testing but also developing novel diagnostic techniques medical interventions. Tissues are heterogeneous consisting cells confined...

The cell is a mechanical machine, and continuum mechanics of the fluid cytoplasm and the viscoelastic deforming cytoskeleton play key roles in cell physiology.We reviewmathematicalmodels of intracellular fluidmechanics, from cytoplasmic fluid flows, to the flow of a viscous active cytoskeletal gel, to models of two-phase poroviscous flows, to poroelastic models. We discuss application of these ...