The hypothesis that greater safety from cavitation by airseeding through inter-vessel pits comes at the cost of less porous pit membranes with greater flow resistance was tested . Sixteen vessel-bearing species were compared: 11 from the Rosaceae, four from other angiosperm families, and one fern. Unexpectedly, there was no relationship between pit resistance (and hence the prevailing membrane ...

Cavitation is one of the most well-known process faults that may occur in different industrial equipment especially centrifugal pumps. Cavitation also may happen in water pumps and turbines. Sometimes cavitation has been severe enough to wear holes in the impeller and damage the vanes to such a degree that the impeller becomes very ineffective. More commonly, the pump efficiency will decrease s...

This paper deals with a numerical and experimental study of ultrasound induced cavitation. On the basis of a computational analysis of Gilmore’s equation for the individual bubble dynamics, a slight decrease in the pressure radiated by a single bubble immediately before reaching the transient cavitation regime is predicted. Experiments presented in this paper confirm this observation. Therefore...

As an experimental quantitative method to assess erosion risk, the acoustic emission (AE) technique has been employed, for example, by Lloyds Register for more than a decade now to complement their borescopic cavitation observation at the ship scale. Boorsma and Fitzsimmons (2009) reported (see Fig. 1,) its correlation with borescope observed cavitation events appeared very positive and the loc...

The Keller-Miksis equation (KME) is commonly used for numerical studies of inertial and stable-inertial cavitation. However, experimental validation of KME under clinically relevant exposure settings is scarce, particularly in terms of the acoustic emission signal generated by the cavitation. In this paper, the KME is validated against a cavitation cloud collapsing f0/2 and f0/3 sub-harmonicall...

Hydrodynamic cavitation is a promising application in wastewater treatment due to its simple reactor design and capacity in large-scale operation. Theoretical studies including the basic mechanism of pollutant degradation, modeling of pressure distribution in the cavitation reactor, and bubble dynamics models coupled with chemical reactions are evaluated. Experimental setups with different cavi...

Corrugated, hydrophilic particles with diameters between 30 and 150 microm are found to cause cavitation inception at their surfaces when they are exposed to a short, intensive tensile stress wave. The growing cavity accelerates the particle into translatory motion until the tensile stress decreases, and subsequently the particle separates from the cavity. The cavity growth and particle detachm...

The aim of this investigation was to determine if cavitation occurred around dental ultrasonic scalers and to estimate the amount of cavitation occurring. Three styles of tip (3 x TFI-10, 3 x TFI-3, 3 x TFI-1) were used, in conjunction with a Cavitron SPS ultrasonic generator (Dentsply, USA), to insonate terephthalic acid solution. The hydroxyl radical, [*OH], concentration, produced due to cav...

The use of acoustic cavitation for water and wastewater treatment (cleaning) is a well known procedure. Yet, the use of hydrodynamic cavitation as a sole technique or in combination with other techniques such as ultrasound has only recently been suggested and employed. In the first part of this paper a general overview of techniques that employ hydrodynamic cavitation for cleaning of water and ...

Mantis shrimp are renowned for their unusual method of breaking shells with brief, powerful strikes of their raptorial appendages. Due to the extreme speeds of these strikes underwater, cavitation occurs between their appendages and hard-shelled prey. Here we examine the magnitude and relative contribution of the impact and cavitation forces generated by the peacock mantis shrimp Odontodactylus...