The quantitative role of sheep in the transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is not well known. To estimate the role of sheep in the transmission of FMDV, a direct contact transmission experiment with 10 groups of animals each consisting of 2 infected lambs and 1 contact calf was performed. Secretions and excretions (oral swabs, blood, urine, faeces and probang samples) from all an...

Dairy cattle provide a major benefit to the world through upcycling human inedible feedstuffs into milk and associated dairy products. However, as beneficial this process has become, it is not without potential negatives. are source of greenhouse gases enteric waste fermentation well excreting nitrogen emissions their feces urine. these negative impacts vary widely due how what animals fed. In ...

Difficulty in observing oestrus is a problem for many dairy farmers performing AI. Finding ways to synchronize oestrous cycles or strengthen display of oestrus without hormonal treatments would be of great interest because many consumers object to the use of exogenous hormones on healthy animals. Modification of reproductive cycles through chemical communication has been reported in several spe...

There are genetic conditions that influence production in dairy and beef cattle. The objective of this review was to describe relevant genetic conditions that have been associated with productivity and health in cattle. Genes or genomic regions that have been identified as a candidate for the condition will be included, and the genetic basis of the condition will be defined. Genes and genetic c...

Nitrogen (N) utilisation in dairy cattle is generally low and thereby results potential downstream ammonia nitrous oxide emissions as well nitrate leaching. Despite this, only few studies have investigated N excretion dry cows. The objective of the present study was to examine effect protein level diet on cows subsequently develop a simple equation predict based nutrient intake parameters. In a...

Various potential biomarkers were sampled for vanadium every 3-4 months from Bos indicus beef cattle farmed extensively immediately adjacent (high exposure (HE) group) and two km away (low exposure (LE) group) from a vanadium processing plant, respectively. Vanadium intake (mg vanadium kg(-1) bwt d(-1)) was modelled using environmental and physiological data as inputs. The vanadium intake range...

Lack of understanding regarding the choice chemical fungicides or botanicals with their optimal doze and spraying schedule is one major problems concerning mid-hill farmers to control finger millet diseases in Nepal. In order assess effectiveness four fungicides, namely Bavistin 50 WP (Carbendazim 50%), SAAF 12% + Mancozeb 63% WP), RIDOMIL-MZ 72 (Metalyxl 8% 64% BAAN 75 (Tricyclazole 75%), two ...

BACKGROUND Although Leptospira isolation has been reported in Chilean cattle, only serological evidence of serovar Hardjo bovis infection has been routinely reported. The present report provides characterization of the pathological presentation and etiology of a clinical case of leptospirosis in a calf from the Los Rios Region in Chile. CASE PRESENTATION In a dairy herd in southern Chile, 11 ...

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), are environmentally persistent industrial chemicals often found in biosolids. Application of these biosolids to pastures raises concern about the accumulation of PFOA in the edible tissues of food animals. Because data on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of PFOA in cattle were unavailable, a ...

Livestock face complex foraging options associated with optimizing nutrient intake while being able to avoid areas posing risk of parasites or disease. Areas of tall nutrient-rich swards around fecal deposits may be attractive for grazing, but might incur fitness costs from parasites. We use the example of dairy cattle and the risks of tuberculosis transmission posed to them by pastures contami...