Bivalve metamorphosis is a developmental transition from free-living larva to benthic juvenile (spat), regulated by complex interaction of neurotransmitters and neurohormones such as L-DOPA epinephrine (catecholamine). We recently suggested an N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor pathway additional previously unknown regulator bivalve metamorphosis. To explore this theory further, we successful...

unteers to determine the effects of catecholamines and adrenergic-blocking agents on plasma and urinary levels of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) and guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic GMP). Plasma cyclic AMP rose in response to infusions of the P-adrenergic agent, isoproterenol, or in response to infusions of either epinephrine or norepinephrine alone or -in combination with the ...

The subject of catecholamines and stress has occupied researchers for many years and filled many books. A brief revew such as this cannot cover such a broad topic. Instead, provided here are a few concepts, reflecting somewhat different viewpoints from those in standard textbooks. The first of these concepts is that there are three distinct peripheral catecholamine systems, each with different ...