An np-Si microwire array coupled with a two-layer catalyst film consisting of Ni–Mo nanopowder and TiO2 light-scattering nanoparticles has been used to simultaneously achieve high fill factors and lightlimited photocurrent densities from photocathodes that produce H2(g) directly from sunlight and water. The TiO2 layer scattered light back into the Si microwire array, while optically obscuring t...

Recently, the feasibility of butane oxidation in an electrochemical membrane reactor (EMR) using a vanadium phosphorus oxide (VPO) catalyst layer on a tubular anodic electrode has been reported. This novel application of EMR gives rise to questions about the vanadium oxidation state (Vox) under working conditions and about its spatial distribution in the catalyst layer. It has now been determin...

surface oxidized carbon vulcane xc-72 is prepared as catalyst support and platinumnanoparticles are chemically anchored onto the modified surface. the nanoparticles of pt weresynthesized by reduction of h2ptcl6 with sodium borohydride in a 5.5 m buffer solution ofsodium citrate; the complexation of citrate with metal ions is beneficial to the formation ofnanoparticles. the electro-oxidation of ...

A model for the simulation of the steady-state impedance response of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell ~PEMFC! cathode is presented. The catalyst layer of the electrode is assumed to consist of many flooded spherical agglomerate particles surrounded by a small volume fraction of gas pores. Stefan-Maxwell equations are used to describe the multicomponent gas-phase transport occurring in b...

Photochemical CO2 reduction catalysed by trans(Cl)-Ru(bpy)(CO)2Cl2 (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) efficiently produces carbon monoxide (CO) and formate (HCOO-) in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA)/water containing [Ru(bpy)3]2+ as a photosensitizer and 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (BNAH) as an electron donor. We have unexpectedly found catalyst concentration dependence of the product ratio (CO/HCOO-) in ...

Semiconductor photocatalytic process has been studied extensively in recent years due to its intriguing advantages in environmental remediation. In this study, a two-phase swirl-flow monolithic-type reactor is used to study the kinetics of photocatalytic degradation of benzoic acid in immobilized systems. Transport contributions into the observed degradation rates were determined when catalyst ...

The concept of co-catalytic layer structures for controlled laser-induced chemical vapor deposition of carbon nanotubes is established, in which a thin Ta support layer chemically aids the initial Fe catalyst reduction. This enables a significant reduction in laser power, preventing detrimental positive optical feedback and allowing improved growth control. Systematic study of experimental para...

The catalytic acvtivity of dimeric and monomeric ortho-palladated complexes [Pd{C6H2(CH2NH2-(OMe)2,3,4}(µ-Cl)]2)2) and [Pd{C6H2(CH2NH2-(OMe)2,3,4}Cl(PPh3)](3), was investigated in Heck cross-coupling reaction. These complexes are more active and efficient catalysts for Heck cross-coupling reaction. The palladium complexes 2 and 3 is employed in the Heck cross-coupling reaction between styrene a...

A general and practical procedure for the catalytic reduction of esters has been developed using classical Schwartz's reagent (Cp 2 Zr(H)Cl) as a catalyst.