BACKGROUND Fatigue driving is a leading cause of traffic fatalities and injuries in China, especially among heavy truck drivers. The present study tried to examine which and how factors within the human-vehicle-roadway-environment system contribute to the occurrence of crashes involving fatigued truck drivers. FINDINGS To reduce such risk on the road, a total of 9168 crashes which occurred in...

INTRODUCTION Nodding syndrome was first reported in Uganda in 2003 among internally displaced populations. Risk factors for the syndrome remain unknown. We therefore explored vitamin B6 deficiency and resulting high 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) levels as risk factor for nodding syndrome in Northern Uganda. METHODS Case-control study conducted in Gulu and Amuru districts. Cases were children/you...

Early environmental influences are increasingly of interest in understanding ADHD as a neurodevelopmental condition, particularly in light of recognition that gene by environment interplay are likely involved in this condition. Breastfeeding duration predicts cognitive development, as well as development of brain white matter connectivity, in areas similar to those seen in ADHD. Prior studies s...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the epidemiology, phenomenology, and occupation-specific risk factors for suicide among regular-duty military personnel as a model for other professions at risk for workplace suicide. METHOD Suicide incidence and methods were determined in a retrospective military cohort comprising all deaths (N=732) of regular-duty military personnel in the ...

When interacting autonomous agents operate in open domains that contain novel objects, the agents may be unable to refer to the objects by using preassigned names. As an alternative, the agents might use de~criptions. When agents refer to domain objects by using de~riptions, referent ml.sidentifications (RM[s) will occur. ThLs paper formally models recovery from RMIs among such agents. We show ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the risks of the sudden infant death syndrome and factors that may contribute to unsafe sleeping environments. DESIGN Three year, population based case-control study. Parental interviews were conducted for each sudden infant death and for four controls matched for age, locality, and time of sleep. SETTING Five regions in England with a total population of over 17 mi...

BACKGROUND Although, family history of cancer is an important risk factor for upper gastrointestinal cancers development, but limited information is available on the upper gastrointestinal cancers associated with family history in Iran. The purpose of this study was to define upper gastrointestinal cancers risk associated with family history of cancer. METHODS This study was conducted as a ca...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to validate the accuracy of an alternative cervical cancer test - visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) - by addressing possible imperfections in the gold standard through latent class analysis (LCA). The data were originally collected at peri-urban health clinics in Zimbabwe. METHODS Conventional accuracy (sensitivity/specificity) estimates for VIA...

This paper is based on ten consecutive 1991 issues of two Murdoch newspapers in Britain, The Sun and The Times, plus a further ten each from 2008, focusing mainly on editorial articles. All four subcorpora derive from periods in which a UK government, having enjoyed power for an extended period, was visibly weakening and the ideology expressed was, therefore, of some significance. It is claimed...