In this paper, two different ways of introducing alternation for lattice-valued (referred to as {L}valued)  regular tree grammars and {L}valued top-down tree automata are compared. One is the way which defines the alternating regular tree grammar, i.e., alternation is governed by the non-terminals of the grammar and the other is the way which combines state with alternation. The first way is ta...

We report the programmed ("zipper") assembly of photoactive rigid-rod pi-stack architectures composed of blue (b), red (r) and colorless (n) core-substituted naphthalene diimides (NDIs) attached along p-oligophenyl (POP) rods. The design strategy and multistep syntheses of the required NDI-POP conjugates are described first. The activity of the obtained up to three-component cascade architectur...

This paper extends the methods of the reenement calculi to allow the derivation of an Oberon implementation. The use of records, pointers, opaque types and type extension distinguishes this work from previous examples. A case study for a stack abstract data type illustrates the method, which involves three data reenement steps. Firstly, a sequence of integers is reened to a sequence of integer ...

In this paper, design strategies for improving electrical efficiency, thermal and fuel utilization of an ammonia-fed SOFC are investigated. Three presented to improve system performances: (i) the introduction additional stack distribute power i.e. rating, (ii) evaluation anode off gasses recirculation (iii) use operate a cascade (re-powering), where flue gas is recuperated. A that integrates th...

Autoregressive models are among the best performing neural density estimators. We describe an approach for increasing the flexibility of an autoregressive model, based on modelling the random numbers that the model uses internally when generating data. By constructing a stack of autoregressive models, each modelling the random numbers of the next model in the stack, we obtain a type of normaliz...

It is widely believed that low-level languages with jumps must be difficult to reason about by being inherently non-modular. We have recently argued that this in untrue and proposed a novel method for developing compositional natural semantics and Hoare logics for low-level languages and demonstrated its viability on the example of a simple low-level language with expressions (Saabas & Uustalu ...

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34 35 In CRISPR immunity systems, short CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) are bound by CRISPR-associated 36 (Cas) proteins, and these complexes target invading nucleic acid molecules for degradation in a 37 process known as interference. In Type I CRISPR systems, the Cas protein complex that binds 38 DNA is known as Cascade. Association of Cascade with target DNA can also lead to acquisition 39 of new immun...