This review examines recently published works by Russian scholars in the field of artistic stone carving, namely, reference book N. M. Mavrodina, Works Stone-Carving Art Collections outside Russia (2019), and monograph L. A. Budrina, Malachite Diplomacy (2020). Both study objects created carving artists through 18th – early twentieth century which left country as a result various diplomatic occ...

The objectives of this study were to find out signs, the realization signs in denotative and connotative meanings, reasons for on Tugu Si Raja Batak Sarimarrihit Village, Sianjur Mula-Mula sub-district, Samosir Regency. was conducted using a qualitative approach. data taken from Batak. statues pictures analysis by observing, interviewing, then analyzed based theory proposed Roland Barthes. find...

One of the most fascinating objects in the Rijksmuseum (Amsterdam, The Netherlands) is an early 16th century prayer nut. This spherical wooden object measures 4 cm in diameter and consists of two hemispheres connected with a small hinge so that it can be opened. The interior of the nut holds wood carvings with scenes from the life of Christ. These miniature reliefs show an incredible degree of ...

RUDIGER ROBERT BEER, Unicorn. Myth and reality, translated by Charles M. Stem, New York and London, Ash & Grant, 1977, 8vo, pp. 215, illus., £7.95. The original versions of this book were published in German. It now appears in an elegant volume with a multitude of illustrations taken from a wide variety of sources, including tapestries, mosaics, and carvings, as well as manuscripts and printed ...

abstractart, architecture, literature of iran and of the world is full of creations which serves to respect  the nature and its elements with the aid of symbols and signs.cup marks, mithraic temples and temples to worship water and fire from the ancient world,recenttashtab and saqakhaneh all of them are representing the respect to the major elements of nature, especially water. on the other han...

The Khoid Tsenkher Cave is located 28 km away from the center of Mankhan soum, Khovd province in Mongolia. cave contains about 40,000-year-old petroglyphs. A variety animals were depicted on surface rocks, such as ostriches, camels, lions, elephants, and buffaloes red light brown paints. These images prove existence that became extinct a long time ago. petroglyphs play an important role researc...

The term ‘Rock Art’ is loosely used in this article to refer prehistoric carvings and paintings. Rock art research has changed profoundly the last two decades. Partly, due introduction of more ‘scientific’ methodologies such as digital recording, overcome subjective nature analogue documentation methods. Digital recording offers not only ‘pretty pictures’ but immediate quantifiable datas...

VIKING-AGE ICONOGRAPHY is mostly studied through stone sculpture and carvings metal dress accessories, which are often poorly contextualised finds. Here we present a new approach by studying an assemblage of casting moulds for figurative accessories from early 9th-century workshop context in Ribe (Jutland, Denmark). We provide digital reconstructions the fragmented moulds, including ‘Valkyrie’ ...