Mathematical models and numerical simulations of the cardiovascular system are very useful for understanding the mechanisms influencing its function and its physiological and pathological processes. This modeling research increases the potential for developing new diagnostic and therapeutic cardiovascular techniques or devices and is also helpful for pharmacological research [1]. The recent dev...

Cardiovascular system identification (CSI) is an inverse modeling approach to studying the physiological mechanisms underlying fluctuations in cardiovascular signals. Because the results of CSI analysis are able to characterize these mechanisms, it may potentially be used a intelligent monitoring tool for observing alterations in cardiovascular state. In this thesis, an automated system, which ...

PECAM-1 has the distinctive feature of being expressed on several of the major cell types associated with the vascular compartment. This makes it iniquely positioned to mediate multiple and important cell-cell interactions involving platelets, leukocytes and endothelial cells, and may represent a potential target for new therapeutic agents. Morphological and immunohistochemical studies were per...

Hypomagnesemia is common in hospitalized patients, especially in the elderly with coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or those with chronic heart failure. Hypomagnesemia is associated with an increased incidence of diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, mortality rate from CAD and all causes. Magnesium supplementation improves myocardial metabolism, inhibits calcium accumulation and myocardial ce...

In a healthy individual both during exercise aswell as at rest all four heart chambers contract in a coordinated fashion, the valves function normally and the heart muscle is perfused uniformly by the coronary arteries. Disease states can result in abnormalities of valves, ventricular contraction, and reduced perfusion of the heart muscle. Nuclear cardiology is a very useful clinical tool which...

Cardiovascular disease claims more lives than any other disease in westernised countries, affecting millions. Pinpointing cardiovascular system dysfunction is often difficult because the clinical signs, or the availability and interpretation of physiological measurements, are unreliable. Often patient-specific information is incomplete or confusing, as it comes from a diverse range of sources, ...

Objective(s): MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a subfamily of small noncoding RNAs that play a variety of roles in regulating gene expression in nearly all organisms. They affect different biological pathways by post-transcriptionally regulating mRNAs. Aside from miRNAs’  role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, their perturbation is related to several pathologic states and dis...

Apelin is a recently discovered bioactive peptide, known to be an endogenous high-affinity ligandfor the previously orphan G protein-coupled receptor APJ. Apelin/APJ as a novel signaling pathwayhas been shown to play many crucial roles in cardiovascular function, blood pressure regulation, fluidhomeostasis, feeding behavior, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, adipoinsular axis regulation, cellp...

the application of magnetic resonance to diagnostic medical imaging stands as one of the great scientific achievements in the past 50 years. magnetic resonance techniques are easily applied to organs which remain stationary during the imaging procedure, such as the brain and musculoskeletal system. imaging of moving heart structures and circulating blood is considerably more difficult.   clinic...

cirrhosis is characterized by marked abnormalities in the cardiovascular system. a hyperdynamic splanchnic and systemic circulation is typical of cirrhotic patients and has been observed in all experimental forms of portal hypertension. the hyperdynamic circulation is most likely initiated by arterial vasodilatation, leading to central hypovolemia, sodium retention, and an increased intravascul...